Brent's Blogs.....

Elizabeth Lee Pace---The Second Wife Of Wilson D. Pace

2012-02-02T16:07:00.000-07:00

Elizabeth² LEE (Mary¹) was born 24Apr 1851 in Parowan, Iron, Utah. Elizabeth died 17Jun 1912 in Thatcher, Graham, Arizona, and was buried in Thatcher, Graham, Arizona.
John D. Lee recorded in his Diaries: "Sept. Sund. 6th, 1868. . .I started to visit My Family in Washington. . . .The object of my visit was to confer with my Daughter Elizabeth who had concluded to become a Member of the Family of Bishop W. D. Pace, but wished to defer the time to some distant Period. My council was to her, inasmuch as she loved him & was satisfied to cast her lott in with his & to Make up her Mind to go to Salt Lake City with him this fall and get her washings & anointing & be sealed over the Alter, with Maria his first wife & thus lay a foundation permanently to build upon. Our visit was agreeable & like a Faithful, obedient, affectionate childe, My council was received with respect."
"Nov., Tues, 13th [17th?] I started in company with Bp. Pace & Elizabeth. . .to visit my family at Washington."
"Frid., 20th, we gave a wedding Party to My New son in law Bp. W. D. Pace, & My Daughter Elizabeth. We had a sumptuous Dinner & supper. Some 200 Persons participated in the Festivities of the day & Evening & the Dance. Many of the leading Men from the different settlements were presant. . . .There were 6 Musicians. The Party was held in my Family Hall, the best Room in Washington for the hilt. Our Evening's Entertainment was intersperst with songs & good Talk while the wine of our raising were on the Lees. Bishop Pace said that the Dinner & supper alone could not be got up for $200."
She married Wilson Daniel PACE 25Oct 1868 in Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah. He was born 27Jul 1831 in Murfreesboro, Rutherford, Tennessee. He was the son of William Franklin PACE and Margaret NICHOLS.
They had 12 children:
8838.Mi.Franklin Daniel PACE, born 20Apr 1870 in New Harmony, Washington, Utah, died in infancy 8Aug 1870.
+ 8839.Mii.James Byrum PACE, born 25Feb 1872, died 8Mar 1933.
+ 8991.Fiii.Mary Lovina PACE, born 9Mar 1874, died 19Jan 1920.
+ 8997.Miv.David Alonzo PACE, born 21Dec 1875, died 12Mar 1938.
+ 9022.Fv.Vivian PACE, born 27May 1877, died 25Jul 1918.
9031.Fvi.Lorene PACE, born 3Mar 1879 in New Harmony, Washington, Utah, died 9Oct 1900/1901.
+ 9032.Fvii.Nettie Mariah PACE, born 20Aug 1882, died 26Jan 1938.
9044.Mviii.Eli Nicholas PACE, born 21Jul 1883 in New Harmony, Washington, Utah, died 14Oct 1902.
9045.Mix.Wilson Daniel PACE, Jr., born 16Oct 1885 in New Harmony, Washington, Utah, died in infancy 21Aug 1887.
+ 9046.Mx.Alma Pratt PACE, born 28Mar 1888.
+ 9074.Fxi.Effie Elizabeth PACE, born 5Apr 1890.

+ 9078.Mxii.Doyle Irving PACE, born 5Jun 1892.

Estate Settlement Of Wilson D Pace---Husband to Ann Moriah Redd

2011-11-02T19:56:00.000-06:00

New Harmony Utah Survey 1899

2011-11-02T17:22:00.000-06:00

William Pace Estate Settlement To Wilson D Pace Harvey A Pace John A Pace William W Pace

2011-10-28T10:36:00.000-06:00

Click on these pictures to enlarge them and read them....

Gould's Sheep Camp On The Hurricane Bench

2011-10-26T14:46:00.002-06:00

Counting Sheep

My Grandfather Pace helped sheer sheep at this camp. If any of you know the people or years these pictures were taken let me know....Leave a comment or email me at newharmonyrancher@gmail.com Thanks Brent

Click on either picture to enlarge

More Information On My Great Great Grandmother Ann Moriah Redd Pace

2011-10-04T09:42:00.000-06:00

Courtesy of Dalton Family Research

Ann Moriah Redd

Ann Moriah Redd was born July 26, 1830 to John Hardison Redd and Elizabeth Hancock, in Onlsow County North Carolina. Ann Moriah married Wilson Daniel Pace in the pioneer fort at Spanish Fork on August 22, 1852. It was the first marriage performed in that little settlement, and they were married by William Pace, Wilson's father. The couple made their home in Spanish Fork Utah for ten years.

Later Wilson D and Ann Moriah were called by the Mormon church to settle in Southern Utah at a place called New Harmony. There, John D. Lee, the man who had converted both the Redd's and the Pace's to the gospel had settled and they joined him. Lee had his home at the headwaters of Ash Creek, and the Paces settled lower down on the creek. It was an ideal place for them. The couple arrived in 1862, after having been married ten years. They had five children, two died in infancy, and they brought three to New Harmony with them. Ann Moriah was to have seven more children after reaching New Harmony, three of them died in infancy.

Ann Moriah had grown up in a home and at a time when such activities were practiced at all times in all places. They couldn't go to a store and buy fabrics for clothing they had to make them for themselves. Probably her mother was an expert in such things, and she taught her daughters all the skills they needed. All such skills in those days were passed on from mother to daughter and from father to son. That was the way they received most of their education. Sometimes, parents would apprentice their sons to some workman in order for them to learn a trade different that the parents knew, but this did not happen often. Both men and women were self sufficient and could do almost anything that needed to be done. If they couldn't they went without some of the necessities. Ann Moriah was no exception.

"Aunt Moriah" as everyone called her, was about five feet two inches tall and of average weight. She had black hair, gray eyes, was very neat in appearance, and had a proud and spirited disposition. She was a humble woman, brilliant, cheerful, and ambitious, She was hospitable and uncomplaining. She worked for her family, and for years carded, spun, and wove wool into cloth. with this cloth she made clothes for her family, including suits for the men.

Even with such a large family to care for, Ann Moriah Pace was called and set apart to be the midwife for the area. She carried on that work for 35 years and was present at the birth of 135 babies. She was blessed for this mission as all of them lived. Then her daughter Isavinda Pace Rhoner, was sent to Sale Lake City to take a course in obstetrics given by Dr. Shipp, after which she relieved her aging mother. Aunt Moriah often spoke of the willing assistance given her by the other women of New Harmony, especially Aunt Kizzie Redd, her sister in law.

When anyone in town was sick Aunt Moriah was the first to be called. The sick always had plenty of help in New Harmony, for every woman was willing and anxious to help their friends, relatives, and neighbors in any emergency, but it seemed that Moriah Pace had a personality that gave confidence to the patient and the patient's relatives, so she was called upon often. Olive Redd rich often said that when Aunt Moriah came into a sickroom, it was the best medicine a patient could have.

She made and sold butter over a period of twelve years. From the financial assistance derived from this source, she helped in the support of her family. She was a good counselor and companion to her husband and and exemplary mother. One of her paramount slogans was: It is better to suffer a wrong than commit one.

On March 28, 1878 Ann Moriah Redd Pace was asked to be the president of the Relief Society in New Harmony. Keziah Jane Redd and Margaret E. Pace were her counselors. She held that position until March 24, 1907 and although she often tried to resign in favor of a younger woman, she was not released. In a little town like New Harmony there were not many from which to choose and when they found a good one they hung onto her. The sisters first met at homes of the members, then in the office room built for Bishop William A. Redd which stood just south of what is now the meeting house. the building was furnished with chairs, a desk, blinds, a stove heater, and a nice rag carpet (provided of course by the relief Society sister themselves)

Lucinda Pace Redd told of her memory of Aunt Moriah sense of fairness: When she had attended a woman at birth of a child, she was relief society president, would send some girls to that house to do the family washing--on wash board--and she always sent one of her own girls along to help. Aunt Moriah was the smartest woman in town or in Southern Utah. No one ever trampled on her or got the better of her. She was very intelligent. Moriah's husband was an up-and-coming man. He was bishop of New Harmony for over eighteen years.

Her children learned to help very early..Her oldest son, William Wilson Pace, began driving mail to Cedar City and St. George when only a lad of ten or eleven. He married and left home, be he loved to come back often. He always received a royal welcome in his mother home. All of her children and grandchildren felt especially welcome in Ann Moriah's home. Wilson d. Pace died October 30, 1899 in Thatcher, Arizona. Ann Moriah Redd Pace died November 9, 1908 in New Harmony Utah. Ann Moriah is buried in the New Harmony Utah Cemetery

Old New Harmony Photos....Help me Identify These

2011-10-03T10:01:00.020-06:00

Possibly Roland Prince?

Abby Pace Third from Left---Albert Mathis and Sally Pace on Right end

Vivian Prince and Blaine Whitehead

Possibly Ashby Pace

Possibly Ashby Pace on bucking horse

New Harmony Fourth of July Parade....What year?

Camilla Pace Prince and Sheldon Grant (Couple of Far Right)

Bert Grant, Clara Grant and Sharon Grant Prince

I think all these pictures were taken the day of George Prince's Funeral

Orson Hammond-----Wonder who was buried where the board is?

Ed Grand ? and Orson Hammond

Nora and Frank Kelsey

Clarence and Laverna Englestead

Mace and Annabelle Rencher

Abbie Pace

Ashby and Verna Knell Pace

Clarissa Elvira Taylor Redd Biography

2011-09-29T09:26:00.000-06:00

Sarah Redd Prince

Clariss Taylor

Benjamin Jones Redd

Clarissa Taylor Redd

Clarissa Elvira Taylor Redd Biography

January 17, 1984 Allen Taylor arrived at the home of William and Elizabeth Patrick Taylor in Bowling Green, Warren County, Kentucky. To this union were born twelve more children to make their family circle number 16. What a blessing it was to Allen to be born of a good, strong and hard working family. Both of his parents became sincere devout members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day-Saints. Allen married Sarah Lovisa Allred September 5, 1833 in Kentucky. On September 9, 1839 Allen’s father died leaving a family of fourteen children, seven sons and seven daughters. His father William was a good provider but with twelve younger siblings and a widowed mother as well as a wife and three children of his own Allen would have more responsibilities.

At this point of time Allen Taylor was closely associated with the Prophet Joseph Smith, Jr. Because of Allen’s loyalty to the Prophet Joseph Smith, Jr. he was entrusted with many important errands. On that memorable day when so many were so ruthlessly slain in Hauans Mill, Allen Taylor was commissioned by the Prophet to mount a horse and notify the saints who lived a distance from Far West to move into town immediately. He would often guard the Prophets home and was close to Brigham Young. He was chosen to lead a group of 597 people to Utah.

When the group reached Fort Bridger, Wyoming Sarah Louisa Allred Taylor gave birth to her seventh child, Clarissa Elvira Taylor on 3 October, 1849. Her father was Captain Allen Taylor, (this baby is my great-grandmother, and sometime, I shall personally thank my dear great-great-grandmother, Sarah Louisa Allred Taylor for carrying my great-grandmother from Winter Quarters, for sharing the great hardships with the other 596 pioneers in 190 wagons as they plodded across the plains and the mountains for the great love and devotion to the Gospel of Jesus Christ).1 Allen and Sarah had four more children.

They arrived in the Salt Lake Valley on 15 October 1849. The family settled at the mouth of Mill Creek Canyon. Then they were called to Kaysville where Allen Taylor served as Bishop in 1854. They were there from 1850-1862. They were next called to move to St. George. Her father spent 21 years dividing his time between St. George and New Harmony.

There is no mention of Clarissa’s childhood but I would imagine that she played as children do but would have varied responsibilities being the seventh child in a family of eleven children, learning how to make soap, cook, sew, washing, garden work and basic chores.

Clarissa caught Benjamin Redd’s eye and they were married on 20 June 1865 on Benjamin’s 23^rd birthday in New Harmony by William Pace, though she was not yet sixteen years old. Benjamin bought a lot and built a log house on the lower street on the south side and at the west end of the street.

Sarah Elizabeth Redd, their first child was born on 12 May 1866 (my grandmother)2. They along with other settlers were in constant fear of raging Indians who proved to be dangerous enemies at that time. Men had to sit up night to guard their loved ones and their belongings. The Indians would slip in and steal cattle, horses and anything they could get. Some of the settlers hobbled and staked their animals so the Indians couldn’t steal them. There was a violent cloud burst that hit in the mountains to the west outside New Harmony July 29, 1866. The flood damaged nearly every farm for a distance of about three miles on Ash Creek. The little log house that Benjamin Redd had built for his wife Clarissa and their two-month-old daughter, Sarah Elizabeth, was nearly destroyed and subsequently was abandoned.

Benjamin and Clarissa then moved to the center of town as their log house had been destroyed during the big flood. At the new home Benjamin Franklin was born on April 6, 1868, and was affectionately called “Benny.”

On the 29^th of August 1868, Benjamin and Clarissa were endowed and children Sarah and Benny were sealed in the SLC Endowment house. The journey by wagon and oxen team took three weeks each way.

Benny was a very loved and cared for baby, however, he contracted measles and died at the age of two years. This was a difficult time for Clarissa and her family with his death.

Shortly thereafter, Benjamin purchased a farm north of town in order to be close to his work and built a house and moved his family into it. On July 22, 1871 their third child was born, Mary Catherine. Farm life was difficult in those days and dangerous. Oftentimes because of Indian unrest and Clarissa lived in constant fear for her family. She learned to shoot a gun so she could protect herself and her children. On one occasion she killed a wildcat and another time she slew a skunk. Life was hard and because of her fear of the Indians caused Benjamin to buy a house in town.

Clarissa Redd’s greatest fear of Indians stemmed not from the sight of Indians or even the threat of raids but rather from a personal experience in which she nearly lost her daughter. Sarah Redd was a sweet, happy child who was said to have the jolliest laugh around. One day an Indian who had become enamored with Sarah entered the Redd house, threw down some money on the table, and grabbed little Sarah by the hand. “Me pay for papoose,” he exclaimed, “take white papoose to wickiup.” The Indian was nearly to the door with Sarah in tow with Clarissa screaming at him when Benjamin came to the rescue, gave the money back, and pushed the Indian out of the house.3

To make bread Clarissa would grind cornmeal between two rocks and then the flour was milled at Kanarraville. There were vegetables, fresh and dried, corned beef, fresh and cured pork and part of the time, milk, butter and eggs and always molasses for desert made from sugar cane raised by Benjamin. She had to card and spun the thread on a spinning wheel to make jean pants and hickory shirts for her husband stitched very small and close together by hand, as well as clothing for herself and the children. Clarissa taught Sarah to sew and Sarah had pieced together a quilt before she was seven years of age.

Their third home was an adobe house on the upper street in town. The house was unfinished so Benjamin fixed and plastered it then moved his family in before it was thoroughly dried. Clarissa wasn’t strong and the cold she contracted in the damp house weakened her.

On August 3, 1873 Clarissa gave birth to her fourth child, a baby girl, Anna Maria Vilate. Clarissa wasn’t strong enough to take care of her baby. Mrs. Ella Sawyer took the baby and cared for her until little Anna Maria Vilate’s death at the age of four months, the second death in the family.

Clarissa never recovered and on January 18, 1874 she passed through the veil back into the presence of a loving Heavenly Father and to be reunited with her little two year old son Benny and infant daughter Anna Maria, at 25 years of age, leaving behind her eternal family, her loving husband Benjamin and two daughters, Sarah age seven and Mary (Polly), two years of age. Clarissa is buried in the New Harmony Cemetery, New Harmony, Utah.

ADDENDUM

My grandmother, Sarah Elizabeth Redd Prince Davis related that. “I was seven years old and my sister Mary Catherine was two years old our mother Clarissa Elvira Taylor died and we were left in the care of my father Benjamin Jones Redd. There were many times their father Benjamin could not be with them so they lived in the home of their maternal grandparents, Allen and Sarah Lovisa Allred Taylor.”

Grandmother Sarah felt a blanket of security around her through their tenderness and loving care as the emptiness of her mother’s love and care was conveyed by loving grandparents.

1. Sketch of the Life of Captain Allen Taylor by Juanita Davis Williams Kossen (my mother)

2 Juana Williams Blackburn, granddaughter of Sarah Elizabeth Redd Prince Davis.

3. From Juanita Davis Williams Kossen’s History.

Sketch of the Life of Captain Allen Taylor by Juanita Davis Williams Kossen

Gathering In Harmony by Stephen L. Prince

The Utah Redds and their Progenitors by Lura Redd

History of Clarissa Elvira Taylor Redd by Berdean Hall Schlosser

Family Group Records (owned)

Written and submitted by Juana Williams Blackburn, daughter of Juanita Davis Williams Kossen, Sarah Elizabeth Redd Prince Davis granddaughter and Clarissa Elvira Taylor Redd’s great-granddaughter.

BASTIAN---Written By Marilyn Mathis Parry

2011-09-28T09:38:00.000-06:00

Bastian in front of the Mathis Home in New Harmony, Utah

Sebastian Auernig

'Sebastian was almost a member of our family – very close and yet holding himself aloof so that the bond that held him to our family was open in many areas, and there was much that he seemed fearful of disclosing. My first memories of him were of an old man – very thin with pants too large for his small frame. These pants were held up by wide elastic suspenders that pulled at the pants making them look as though they were hung on a clothesline. His shirt was always the same – a tan work shirt ordered from Sears or Penneys, buttoned up tightly until it reached his neck, the button open to reveal a wrinkled “turkey neck”. Although pants and shirt were seldom laundered, he never appeared to be dirty. In fact, because of the black homburg hat he always wore, I had the feeling that he was dressed up and ready to go somewhere.

The furthest he ever got was from his house to our house, about two blocks. I don’t know how he ended up in our small town – I don’t recall ever asking anyone about that but I always suspected that my father found him somewhere, probably in poor shape and persuaded Sebastian to come home with him. He nearly always had a pipe in his mouth – sometimes it was a ‘store bought’ pipe, and sometimes a corncob or homemade one with the stem carefully carved and hollowed out. His feathery mustache hung down both sides of his mouth and, like many immigrants, he mastered profanity long before he knew the correct English words that should have and could have been used in its place. As a result, his speech was colorful and remained so all his life. Tiny oval glasses in gold frames perched on the end of his nose, his pale blue eyes looking over the top of them.

I suppose the thing that interested me the most about him was his little wooden house hidden away in a grove of willow trees just below town. I loved to visit him there and did so as often as my mother would allow. The house was octagonal in shape and, even to the most inexperienced eye, homemade. The house, which only had one window, was quite dark inside and contained only the most rudimentary furnishings and equipment such as a small, saggy bed covered with a piece of canvas, a little stove that served as a heater in the winter and cookstove, and small open shelves - a table and chair. It was spartan in appearance, a monk’s cell, except for the fact that every inch of every shelf, table and under the bed was covered with ‘things’. Sebastian was a hoarder and a saver. He saved balls of string and interesting rocks. Even candy and gum wrappers folded together and put with the other treasures. Sometimes he gave me pennies to take to the store and once in a great while he honored me with a piece of grimy hardtack candy.
Sebastian was always around, hovering on the perimeter of our family activities but taking care not to get in the way. I often wondered where he got money to live on, to buy the small packages of coffee, sugar, and tobacco he needed. My sister replied that he got ‘a pension’. I never did find out the mystery surrounding Sebastian’s life.

We never could find out much about his history before he moved to our town, but his actions and a few slips of the tongue led us to theorize that perhaps he was a deserter from the German army during the 1st World War, living a hunted and haunted life, constantly afraid that he would be recognized and reported. He ne was apprehensive whenever a strange face appeared in our town and was most nervous on the one or two occasions, in the company of my father, he ventured into another town. My father loved to listen to grand opera on our old Atwater-Kent radio, spending many evenings sitting in his black high backed rocking chair. One night, he was engrossed in the warbling of a Wagnerian soprano, oblivious to everyone around him. Sebastian watched and listened for a few minutes then strode into the room, pipe puffing faster and turned to my father saying ‘Cheesus, strong!’.

Even though asked point blank he avoided discussions of his past – his family (if he had one), etc. He spent many hours at our house puttering at small jobs in the yard and around the house, declining meals with our family but delighted on the many occasions when my mother gave him parcels of food to take home. He seemed vitally interested in our comings and goings, and the achievements and failures of all the children in our family. When my oldest sister made it through the State University, graduating with honors, it was such a momentous occasion that we celebrated and, just this one time, we were permitted to peek into the inner feelings of this quiet man. During the height of the celebration dinner, my sister went to the parlor to get her diploma to show it off, but stopped at the door and motioned me to join her. As I tiptoed near the door opening, I saw Sebastian standing by the little lace covered table with my sister’s diploma in his hand, tears streaming down his face. We quietly went back to the table explaining that the diploma had been inadvertently put in the Cedar Chest.

One day someone found Sebastian dead in his octagonal house. His secret life died with him. We held a short funeral service in our one room community chapel and buried him in a plot east of the other family plots - a passing marked by little emotion. Now I am older I sometimes ponder the mystery surrounding Sebastian’s life.' ~ Marilyn Mathis Perry

Lemuel Hardison Redd Reunion New Harmony Utah 2011

2011-09-03T22:10:00.000-06:00

My Cousin Val Clark's Obituary

2011-07-07T16:04:00.000-06:00

Dr. Val Clark, 79, of La Canada and Newport Beach, California, passed peacefully surrounded by the love of his family on Saturday, July 2, 2011. Val was born in St. George, Utah on March 30, 1932 to Earl B. and Iva Knell Clark. His youth was spent between Newcastle and Cedar City, UT and Hollywood, California graduating from Hollywood High School in 1950. After attending Southern Utah University where he served as Student Body President he went on to graduate from the University of Southern California School of Dentistry where he also served as Student Body President. Upon graduation from dental school, Val served in the U.S. Public Health Service stationed in El Reno, Oklahoma. It was there that he met the love of his life, Marilyn Estes. Val and Marilyn were married on July 19, 1960.

Val subsequently returned to USC to earn a post-graduate degree in Orthodontics. Graduating in 1962, Val began a successful orthodontic practice that lasted 32 years. He truly loved his practice and his patients. Val and Marilyn moved to La Canada with their two children in 1967 and purchased a summer home in Newport Beach in 1974.

Over the years, Val was also involved on the teaching staff at the USC School of Dentistry and was the founder and first president of the USC Orthodontic Alumni Association. He also served as president of several dental organizations and on the board of Counselors for the University of Southern California. Val was also one of the original founders of the Entrepreneur Program in the School of Business Management at Brigham Young University and gave various lectures to that group. He also served on the National Alumni Board for Southern Utah University.

Val’s hobbies were boating, bicycling, windsurfing, working out, traveling and most importantly spending time with his family. His hobby of windsurfing led to his being appointed commissioner of the Olympic Board Sailing Exhibition in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games.

Val had a genuine interest and love for everyone he met. No one was a stranger to him and he treated everyone he met with kindness, love and respect.

The favorite hobby of Val’s life was his family. Nothing else could ever compare to the joy he felt when he was with his family. He always said, “What would life mean if you didn’t have a family to share it with?”

Val is survived by his wife, two children, a daughter-in-law, son-in-law and four grandchildren: Marilyn Clark, of La Canada; Camdon Clark and Greg Eberhardt of La Canada; Cray and Jeannie Clark of Newport Beach; and grandchildren Brynne and Kendall Eberhardt and Katie and Daniel Clark.

In lieu of flowers, the family is requesting that donations be made to the ALS Society at www.alsa.org

A graveside service will be held at Cedar City Cemetery in Cedar City, Utah on July 15, 2011 at 10 a.m. followed by a celebration of life at the Alumni House, 351 West University Blvd. Celebrations of Val’s life will also take place in La Canada on July 23 at 6:30 pm at the home of Camdon Clark Eberhardt located at 4224 Shepherds Lane and in Newport Beach on July 30, 2011 at 2-4:30 pm at the Balboa Bay Club.

Lemuel Hardison Redd-----Brother to Ann Moriah Redd Pace---Brother to Benjamin Jones Redd

2011-05-05T12:08:00.000-06:00

Lemuel Hardison Redd, the son of John Hardison Redd and Elizabeth Hancock, was born in Sneads Ferry, Onslow County, North Carolina, on July 31, 1836. The family must have had a good home for that day, although it lacked the comforts we now think are indispensable. His parents were slave owners, and he grew up with colored servants available to do his bidding and to help him do his work..

At a very early age Lemuel was given a servant and bodyguard named Luke, born January 9, 1828, who was the son of Elizabeth Hancock Redd?s own maid which Elizabeth?s father, Zebedee Hancock, had given her. Luke was nearly eight years older than Lemuel and was made responsible for his young master, with a charge to teach him and guard him from all harm. It has been reported that Luke was very apt at all kinds of handwork, and so Lemuel had a good teacher. Consequently, as Lemuel grew up he had all that a young gentleman of his day should have had.

Even after he was given his freedom, Luke stayed with Lemuel or near him for many years. He even went to New Harmony and set up some kind of barbershop there and did odd jobs for the townspeople. Luke?s mother, Venus, came to New Harmony to see her son one time. My own father and mother could remember Venus? visit to the town.

Lemuel was about two years old when his parents left North Carolina to go to Tennessee. The family at that time consisted of the parents, and their children Ann Mariah, Ann Elizabeth, Mary Catherine, Lemuel Hardison, and John Holt, a tiny baby. They moved late in 1838, between August and early December.

Lemuel grew up with three older sisters and two younger brothers, all of them born in North Carolina except Benjamin Jones, the youngest. He was born in Tennessee. Their home in Tennessee apparently was similar to the regular southern homes, with immense high ceilings and a large upper porch on at least two sides of the house. I saw houses typical of the type when I was in the South, and I can imagine what it was like.

At the age of fourteen Lemuel drove an ox team across the plains to Salt Lake City. Oxen were not driven in the same way as horses. No one sat in the wagon and drove oxen with reins; they walked by the head of the lead ox holding onto a sort of bridle to guide it. The yoke tied the oxen together so they pulled in unison. The driver always carried a whip in his hand in case of a runaway. If that happened, he jumped on the ox?s back and beat it over the head to make it shut its eyes and slow down. We don?t know how many wagons were in the Redd?s party, but they must have had a sizeable caravan. With several wagons and much loose stock to be herded, driven, and rounded up at evening, there was work for all.

On the way west the company had an epidemic of cholera which took the lives of some of their number. The bodies were put in unmarked graves alongside hundreds of other unmarked graves, which had been left by previous companies.

Lemuel told his children of the great herds of buffalo they passed on the way and of the terror they felt when these animals stampeded. At such times they saw a cloud of dust in the distance, which grew larger and larger. Realizing the danger, the company collected all the wagons into a compact group. The animals were tethered on the opposite side from the oncoming herd, and members of the company knelt low behind the animals. They put their heads close to the ground and covered them with anything they had ? coats, hats, clothing; some of the women even put their skirts up over their heads. This was to keep the dust out of their nostrils. The sound of hoof beats grew louder and louder until it was a roar. Then hundreds of buffalo charged by. The people were almost hidden under a thick layer of dust, but they were safe.

Also, the travelers were often terrorized by seeing Indians in the distance. They feared an attack from the Indians and were ever ready and on the alert.

When Aunt Luella went to Parowan to live, she met an old timer there, Richard Benson, who told her that he came over the plains in the same company as the Redds. He said, ?That boy Lem Redd, was surely a good driver of oxen. I had never driven them before, and didn?t know how, but Lem Redd told me a lot about it and even drove my team across some of the fords to show me how it was done.? I guess Lem told others how, too. I presume he had been around them since he was a tot, and many of the pioneers had never driven oxen before.

Lemuel H. Redd was baptized June 3, 1852, when he was sixteen years old. They let him wait until he himself wanted to be baptized; they didn?t seem to make an issue of being baptized at eight years of age. His brothers, John Holt and Benjamin Jones, were baptized at the same time he was. On that same day he and John Holt were ordained priests. He was baptized by W. W. Willis, and confirmed by Stephen Markham, the presiding elder of Spanish Fork.

Grandfather was set apart as a ward teacher when he was 17 years old; he was to work with an older brother in the ward. One night this companion was unable to attend his duty and asked grandfather to visit their district alone. This he attempted to do. The first door he knocked at was opened by the man of the house, and he was asked his business in a rather curt, sharp manner. His answer was that he had called as a ward teacher. This seemed to enrage the man, who lost no time telling Lemuel his opinion of one so young and inexperienced assuming such a responsibility. He turned from the door his heart broken, with a firm determination to go home and never attempt such a task again, but a still small voice seemed to whisper to him, urging him to make one more trial. After some hesitation, he tried another home, tapping timidly at the door, which was opened by an elderly brother who greeted him cheerily, ?Good evening, my son. What can I do for you?

?I have been called as a ward teacher,? Lem said. He was kindly grasped by the hand and led into the home. The brother said, ?God bless you, my brave and courageous boy. I have never been more happy in life in accepting my ward teacher.?

The brother then extolled his labors and gave him very fine, wise, fatherly counsel, which filled him with love and encouragement for his work. In all his life after that he never failed to be grateful that he had had courage to follow the spirit?s promptings to knock at one more door.

When grandfather was seventeen and eighteen years old, they had an Indian war. It was led by old Chief Walker, and was called the "Walker War." Grandfather was in the militia against these Indians who were giving them so much trouble. They would swoop down and drive off the cattle and horses; they would destroy the fences, buildings, and crops; and they would kill anyone who was foolish enough to go off alone. It was at this time that the Indians burned the first sawmill that had been built in Utah south of Provo, and Lem?s father, John H. Redd, had helped build and finance. I have been told it was a loss to him of about $6,000. As a member of the militia grandfather had to take his turn as guard, for they had to have someone on guard duty all of the time.

Old Walker died in 1855, and he was followed as chief by his brother, Arapene. The brother was just as bad as Walker at first, but he changed. He said that Walker came to him in a vision saying that the land didn?t belong to the Indians nor to the white men but to the Lord. There was peace in the area for about ten years while Arapene was chief.

After the Indian War the settlers built a fort surrounded by high rock or adobe walls, at least if it were anything like the other forts in the territory. Small rooms were built around the walls to accommodate separate families. The roofs of these rooms sloped a bit to the inside, and the outside wall was higher than the roofs. Above the roofs and in the walls were small holes called loopholes so the guards on the roofs could look out, locate their assailants, and if necessary shoot. Nineteen families lived in the Spanish Fork fort. Nine out of the nineteen were our own relatives and ancestors. They were: Bishop William Pace, John L. Butler, Wilson D. Pace, Lemuel H. Redd, John H. Redd, George W. Sevy, Kenyon Taylor Butler, Harvey A. Pace, and John Holt.

Grandfather?s name was on the list of city voters May 7, 1855. He was not yet 21, so they didn?t seem to stick close to ages in civil affairs either. They apparently took it for granted that he was mature and had a man?s intelligence to vote at nineteen.
Lemuel Hardison Redd and Keziah Jane Butler were married January 2, 1856, by Bishop William Pace, and they were sealed later in the endowment house February 16, 1858, by Daniel H. Wells. Lemuel Hardison Redd and Keziah Jane Butler were married January 2, 1856, by Bishop William Pace, and they were sealed later in the endowment house February 16, 1858, by Daniel H. Wells.

The next month a call came for Lemuel?s father, John H. Redd, to go to Las Vegas. Lemuel and Keziah went in John?s place and he was to follow in the fall. They had their patriarchal blessings before they went: The next month a call for Lemuel?s father, John H. Redd, to go to Las Vegas. Lemuel and Keziah went in John?s place and he was to follow in the fall. They had their patriarchal blessings before they went:

A patriarchal blessing by Isaac Morley given in Spanish Fork 1 March
1856 to Lemuel Hardison Redd, son of John H. Redd and Elizabeth Hancock,
born in Sneads Ferry, North Carolina 31 July 1836. A patriarchal blessingby Isaac Morley given in Spanish Fork 1 Mar. 1856 to Lemuel Hardison Redd, son of John H. Redd and Elizabeth Hancock, born in Sneads Ferry, North Carolina 31 July 1836.

Brother Lemuel, by the authority of the holy priesthood, we lay our hands upon thy head and ratify the seal and blessing of thy sire upon thee. Thou art in the morning of life and in thine heirship thou art numbered with the seed of Abraham. Listen to the counsel of thy father, and there is not seal or key of knowledge but what thou hast a right to attain to. Let no earthly consideration lead thy mind astray from the path of rectitude, and love of virtue. In so doing thou shalt find many attributes accumulating in thy mind. Thou shalt find the love of God increasing in thy bosom, thou shalt find the principle whereby thou shalt extend mercy and favor to others that will cause thy mind to become illuminated with light. With principle and by promise we seal upon thee thy washings and annointings and endowments, whereby thou wilt be prepared to receive the keys of the everlasting gospel which thou wilt have to bear to people who are sitting in darkness, that thy garments may be clean from the blood of this generation. Keep in thy memory the vows and obligations and thou shalt have faith given thee from on high to rebuke diseases. The winds and the waves will be stayed by the prayer of thy faith. Therefore improve upon thy leisure moments as they pass, and thou shalt be an instrument in the hands of the Lord in winning many into Christ?s kingdom who will become stars in thy crown in the day of the Lord Jesus. Live to honor the priesthood and thy crown will be glorious and when that still small voice whispers peace to thy mind thou mayest know that the Lord is near thee. Thou art of Ephraim and the seal of the Priesthood shall rest upon thee and thy seed after thee.kingdom who will become stars in thy crown in the day of the Lord Jesus. Live to honor the priesthood and thy crown will beglorious and when that still small voice whispers peace to thy mind thou mayest know that the Lord is near thee. Thou art of Ephraim and the seal of the Priesthood shall rest upon thee and thy seed after thee.

I now seal thee up to enjoy the blessings of eternal life in the kingdom of God. Even so Amen and Amen. I now seal thee up to enjoy the blessings of eternal life in the kingdom of God. Even so Amen and Amen.

A patriarchal blessing by Isaac Morley on the head of Keziah Jane Butler, daughter of John Lowe Butler and Caroline Farozine Skeen Butler, born Feb. 25, 1836 in Simpson Co. Kentucky. Palmyra, Feb. 26, 1855. A patriarchal blessing by Isaac Morley on the head of Keziah Jane Butler, daughter of John Lowe Butler and Caroline Farozine Skeen Butler, born Feb. 25, 1836 in Simpson Co. Kentucky. Palmyra, Feb. 26, 1855.

Sister Keziah Jane in the name of the Lord and by virtue of the priesthood we lay our hands upon thy head and we ratify the seal of thy father upon thy head. This is a principle of promise pertaining to the holy priesthood. A seal that ever shall be and abide with thee. Thou art blessed with the daughters of Abraham for thou art in the same everlasting covenant with them. Thou art adopted into the family of the faithful. Thou hast become a legal heir to all the blessings that were to be enjoyed by the daughters of Abraham. The Lord has blessed thee with many rights and with intellectual faculties whereby thou wilt become useful in thy day and generation upon the earth. Thou hast the promise of thy Heavenly Father resting upon thee. Thou art brought into heir ship by the waters of baptism. Therefore rejoice in the covenants for in the fulfilling of the promises thy mind will become filled with light. They will be verified upon thee in the holy ordinances of thy God where blessings of the everlasting priesthood will be revealed to thy mind. Sister Keziah Jane in the name of the Lord and by virtue of the priesthood we lay our hands upon thy head and we ratify the seal of thy father upon thy head. This is a principle of promise pertaining to the holy priesthood. A seal that ever shall be and abid with thee. Thou art blessed with the daughters of Abraham for thou art in the same everlasting covenant with them. Thou art adopted into the family of the faithful. Thou hast become a legalheir to all the blessings that were to be enjoyed by the daughters of Abraham. The Lord has blessed thee with many rights and with intellectual faculties wherby thou wilt become useful in thy day and generation upon the earth. Thou has the promise of thy Heavenly Father resting upon thee. Thou art brought into heirship by the waters of baptism. Therefore rejoice in the covenants for in the fulfilling of the promises thy mind will become filled with light. They will be varified upon thee in the holy ordinances of thy God where blessings of the everlasting priesthood will be revealed to thy mind.

Thou wilt appreciate thy heirship as the greatest blessing that ever was or ever will be committed to thy trust where thou wilt learn the straightness of the gate and the narrowness of the way which will produce joy and satisfaction to thy mind for thou wilt be taught the pattern of heavenly things where the spirit of truth will be made manifest to thy mind. Thou wilt appreciate thy heirship as the greatest blessing that ever was or ever will becommitted to thy trust where thou wilt learn the staightness of the gate and the narrowness of the way which will produce joy and satisfaction to thy mind for thou wilt be taught the pattern of heavenly things where the spirit of truth will be made manifest to thy mind.

Thou art of Ephraim and a legal heir to the seals of the holy ordinances. Thou wilt rejoice in bearing thy testimony of the loving kindness of the Creator toward thee. Thou shalt enjoy the society of the faithful before the Lord. Thou wilt be favored of heaven, of raising thy posterity as tender plants by thy side for they will bear the keys of the gospel of salvation and will be exalted in the kingdom of glory. We ratify this seal by virtue of the priesthood in the name of Jesus even so Amen and Amen. Thou art of Ephraim and a legal heir to the seals of the holy ordinances. Thou wilt rejoice in bearing thy testimony of the loving kindness of the Creator toward thee. Thou shalt enjoy the society of the faithful before the Lord. Thou wilt be favored of heaven, of raising thy posterity as tender plants by thy side for they will bear the keys of the gospel of salvation and will be exalted in the kingdom of glory. We ratify this seal by virtue of the priesthood in the name of Jesus even so Amen and Amen.

The two patriarchal blessings above are recorded in Isaac Morley?s book on pages 114 and 516.

We notice that Keziah had her blessing before they were married, and Lemuel had his after. He followed her example in this. Right here I would like to quote President David O. McKay:

It is wonderful what a responsibility each wife and mother carries. A successful wife and mother is responsible, first, for the physical welfare of her family. Second, she must have the qualities of a teacher. She should be, indeed is expected to be, not only a disciplinarian but one who wisely guides her family in their quest for truth and knowledge. In this she becomes a confidant ? she warns ? she protects. Third, she must be a businesswoman. Fourth, upon her, even more than upon the father, depends the family guidance in spirituality.

It was in these same areas that grandmother began to lead her family, as was her duty and privilege.

They say that man is mighty,
He governs land and sea;
He wields a mighty scepter
O?er lesser powers that be;
But a mightier power and stronger
Man from his throne has hurled;
The hand that rocks the cradle
Is the hand that rules the world.

Along this same line we might quote John Adams to his wife, Abigail:

I do not believe the Howes have very great women for their wives. If they had we should suffer more from their exertions than we do. This is our good fortune. A smart wife would have put Howe in possession of Philadelphia a long time ago.

To Las Vegas and Return

On April 27, 1855, George A. Smith wrote to Franklin D. Richards: ?A company is organized and will start in a few days to form a settlement on the Las Vegas on the south route to California.?

This call for John H. Redd to join them there came in February 1856, a month after Lemuel and Keziah were married. John Redd fitted them out, and they left for Las Vegas. They went by ox team and led a cow behind the wagon, so you know they didn?t try to make time. Can you imagine going across that hot desert at the rate they must have had to go on that trip? The animals walked all the way, about five or six hundred miles. We say it is closer now, as many of the curves they had to follow then have been straightened out. They walked all day and camped at night wherever night overtook them. They must have had company because it wasn?t at all safe to go that distance alone.

The few months they remained in Las Vegas were during the hot part of the summer, and they felt the brunt of it. They went for the purpose of making a settlement and of opening up some lead mines there. These mines were important. The people in the Salt Lake Valley needed lead for bullets. The prophet Brigham Young knew they?d need them, for Johnson?s army was coming the next year. But when the settlers in Las Vegas opened up the mines, they didn?t find lead; they found only sliver, which wouldn?t make good bullets. The church did not approve of mining for gold and silver, and so the mission was closed, and Lemuel and Keziah were released to return to Spanish Fork.

On the return trip they again traveled by ox team and led that cow behind the wagon. They carried their water in a barrel or barrels tied to the side or back of the wagon. They probably also had a smaller barrel tied somewhere to put milk in. They would put it in the barrel in the morning, and when they camped at night it was churned to butter. That nice, sweet buttermilk surely tasted good to them in the evenings. And I can imagine how they must have thirsted for a cool drink of water, when the only water they had was warm, warm, warm all the time ? with the possible exception of early in the morning.

They helped build a fort at Las Vegas, and planted some cottonwood trees behind it. I was shown them once in passing. I suppose that grandfather helped plan and build the fort and plant the trees.

After weeks on the road over the hot desert, they arrived back in Spanish Fork in September, a few weeks before their first child was born. They named him Lemuel Hardison Redd, Jr. Lemuel H. Redd, Sr., by counsel of Brigham Young, was ordained an elder and, soon after, a seventy as a member of the fiftieth quorum.

In Spanish Fork they had no home as yet. At first, they lived (or, rather, slept) in the attic of great grandfather John H. Redd?s log house. They possibly slept on the floor with a straw tick under them. Before her baby was born, grandmother had a gathered breast and was in much misery. She?d go to bed at night and cry with the pain. There was no one near to confide in or to ask advice of. Great grandfather had married a young girl, and she would be of no help. Aunt Chaney, one of great grandmother?s old Negro mammies, sensed that something was wrong and found out what it was. She thought heat would be good, but they knew nothing about hot water bottles. She must have had experience with this before. She put grandmother to bed in that little upstairs room. She went down and mixed up a hotcake with catnip tea, cooked it nice and thick, and while it was hot she climbed up and put it on the sore breast, then covered it to keep it warm. Then she went down and made another hotcake, and by the time the first was cooled she was up with another hot one. She repeated that until the soreness and the swelling were very much reduced, and grandmother was on the way to recovery. She brought grandmother?s meals up to her, too, so that she needn?t be embarrassed at having them all know about it.

Grandmother said she surely learned to love those old black women; they were so good and helpful to her. There were two of them, Venus and Chaney. They were nurses and midwives, and they helped her many times later on with her own sicknesses and the sicknesses of her children. They were good at it, too, as their whole lives had been spent in caring for white people, and they never knew anything else. They had come out west to do that of their own free will and choice, and they finished their lives that way. After all the Redds were gone from Spanish Fork, they earned their way with the sick.

Aunt Luella told me the following story ? or, rather, she wrote it down:

My father in his early life, when his little son, Lem, was a little less than two, took the boy with him on a wood-hauling trip. They had dragged the wood down a hill in Spanish Fork Canyon to the wagon, ready for loading and taking home. Father had taken a sheepskin along to sit on. This he had placed over a sagebrush and set his little son on it. When he had a large log in his arms ready to load, he heard a familiar hiss and, looking around, he saw a huge rattlesnake aiming a strike at the baby's face. He dropped the log, breathed a prayer to God for help and guidance, and leaped (he said) at least ten feet, grabbing the boy and throwing him forcefully as far as he could. The snake leaped after the baby, but could go no farther than its length. Father ran to the baby and gathered him in his arms, quieting him. He didn't know that throwing the child was the proper thing to do, but always felt it was through divine guidance that he had done so.

The following is found in the records of Provo City, Utah Co., Utah (page 210). It was recorded when the Redds had been back there a little over a year and had one child.

Schedule of Lemuel H. Redd's property, which he consecrated to the Lord 6th January 1858.

Lot two in block nine containing
72/160 of an acre in the Spanish Fork
Survey of building lots $50.00
Also-commencing at John H. Redd's
N.E. corner in lot five and block 20 thence south to the
Spanish Fork Creek, thence up said Creek to William Pace's
line thence north to his N.W. corner, thence west to the
place of beginning, containing 20 acres more or less in the
Spanish Fork survey of farm lands $200.00

One ox $45.00
Three cows $90.00
Two Heifers $15.00
Two sheep $12.00
One swine $10.00
One rifle $25.00
One house in Spanish Fork $100.00
Household furniture bed and bedding $100.00
40 bushels of wheat @1.50 per bushel $60.00
10 bushels of corn $12.50
8 bushels of potatoes $45.00
Garden vegetables $15.00
250 lbs pork $50.00

Total amount of Lemuel H. Redd?s $829.50
Property -- eight hundred & twenty
nine dollars & 50/100

I certify that the foregoing schedule of property was consecrated to the Lord by Lemuel H. Redd January 6th 1858

Lucius N. Scovill, recorder of Utah Co., Utah Territory.

Apparently, the early settlers were really willing to give all.

In Spanish Fork they had started to live the United Order, the same as they did in many other places. Every man who entered into it consecrated or deeded all his property to the Lord, with the bishop as custodian. Then the bishop gave back to the man as much as he needed for his family. It was all done legally. If an individual had too much, he only got part of it back. If he didn?t have enough and needed more, he was given more. Thus, things were evened up a bit. If you earned more than you actually needed, you gave all your surplus to the cause.

Why didn?t it succeed so we could practice it today? I guess most of us are like a certain Indian they tell about. The authorities were talking about the United Order in a meeting, and someone asked the Indian if he were going to join. He grunted a ?No,? then added, ?Me got 20 horses.And pointing to another Indian, he said, ?He join; he got no horses.?

On July 24th, 1858, word came that the United States was sending an army out to Utah to destroy the Mormons. Lemuel served as a soldier against this army, and he was one of the 2000 who were organized as a standing army to meet the United States force and to be ready for future emergencies.

The Call South

The Redds had been back in Spanish Fork six and a half years and had lived in the United Order for a little over three years when they were called to go to southern Utah to settle. They had come to Spanish Fork when the town was just beginning, and for eleven years they had helped build it up into a fair sized town. Now they were being asked to move out of the little home they had built and go to a brand new place, start all over again, and help build another town. There was no question about going, however. They wouldn?t think of refusing a call from their prophet.

(The same thing still goes on. We work hard to build a ward house, and when we feel that we are through with it and can take a rest from chapel building, they cut us off into a new ward, and we have to start all over again. It?s easier now, though; we don?t have to move.)

The Redds took with them all they could haul or drive and went south. They had been over this road before, going to and coming from Las Vegas. It was not so far, though, only about three hundred miles and about four weeks of travel. They knew what to take and how to arrange it. Of course, they took everything with them they had made and collected for twelve years. Probably the only things they didn?t take were the empty house and the land. By that time they had four small children: Lemuel, 6; Jane, 4; John, 2; and William, a tiny baby. Grandmother held William on her lap the entire distance. It is as Aunt Alice said of her mother, ?She was twice a pioneer.?

Uncle Ben, as a member of the family now, went along and was a real help. So also was Luke, grandpa?s childhood bodyguard and helper. Luke had tended and guarded him from North Carolina to Tennessee, had been a big help from Tennessee to Spanish Fork, and was helping again on the trek south to New Harmony. He seemed indispensable.

By that time grandfather had two sisters, besides his brother, Benjamin. They also received a call to go south. There they all went and found a place to settle in New Harmony. They all raised their families there, and they all died there except grandfather.

There were many places in the intermountain region that were not yet settled, and President Young wanted all the territory taken up by the saints. He made it a practice to call people to go to everyplace possible for settlement. Just as soon as his scouts found a new creek or spot of ground that was at all suitable, he'd call somebody to go there.

By 1860 the people of Fort Harmony decided it would be best to move closer to the headwaters of Kanarra and Ash creeks. The new settlements were called New Harmony and Kanarra settled in 1860 and 1861. John D. Lee planned to build a nice brick home not far from the large pine tree at the foot of Pine Valley Mountain where he could look down on his fields and the beautiful scenery.

In the fall and winter of 1861-62, the walls of the old Fort Harmony disintegrated with the heavy rain, and the inhabitants sought other places, one west and one east, Aunt Alice says: ?When they decided on two places, New Harmony and Kanarra, the settlers here in Fort Harmony cast lots by drawing from a hat the name of the place they would be assigned to go. This proved satisfactory all around, and through the years the two small towns have mingled in a most friendly relationship."

Then came the Redds, Paces, and Sevys the next spring, 1862. The Sevys and Paces got on their way before the Redds and got the choice land along Ash Creek.. John D. Lee's claim was at the head of the creek, and the Paces were below him. The Paces and Sevys were there early enough to help them move. On January 18, 1862, John D. Lee, with the help of William and Harvey A. Pace and George W. Sevy, took three wagons, with eight yoke of cattle to each wagon, and moved all the families from the fort to New Harmony except Caroline, Lee's wife. She wanted to finish weaving some cloth she had in a loom. The walls fell in and killed two of her children, a five-year-old girl and a seven-year-old boy. These children were buried on Lee's farm in New Harmony.

The road was so muddy that winter that the axles dragged on the ground, but they finally all got over to New Harmony.

New Harmony, then in Kane County, was situated about 20 miles northwest of the black ridge on the headwaters of Ash Creek. The record of New Harmony says: "The new settlers were not much inclined to attend meetings. They said they had too much to do. On Sunday the 24 of May 1862 the Paces and Sevys were requested to come to meeting and not work on the Sabbath."
I guess there was plenty to do at that. It would take them about four weeks to make the trip through dry, desolate country with little or no roads, and they needed shelter and gardens put in and all such. Further, the record says: "At the usual hour of meeting (came) brothers Sevy, Redd and families. The sequel was the administration of President Lee found place in their hearts. They repented and came to meeting and confessed and talked good."

This was June 15, 1862, and it is the first mention of the Redds in New Harmony. They probably camped along the creek temporarily, but when the town was surveyed and laid out by Israel Evans, grandfather stopped on the north of the Paces and across the street from them. This was on what became known later as the lower street. His home was about the middle of the block. He salvaged bricks from the old fort wall for his home chimney. The house was made of logs at first. Soon he built a bigger house of adobes, a bit more commodious than the log one had been. Maybe they used both. In that house three more children were born: James Monroe, Caroline Elizabeth, and Amos Thornton.

Little Amos Thornton died of whooping cough when he was two years old, the first death in the family. Grandpa was away, and grandmother herself had to wash and dress her own baby for burial without her husband's help and comfort.

For some time in this home they cooked over the fire in the fireplace, but eventually grandmother got her first stove, a wood burning stove with four lids and an oven, a real luxury. I guess she had never seen or cooked on a stove before. Later, grandfather's nephew, Lemuel Alexander Pace, built a home on that same lot. It is one block south of our old home in New Harmony. Grandfather's first deed for this place and is as follows:

Land Certificate

This certifies that Lemual Redd is the lawful claimant of lot 11 Block 3 New Harmony survey containing 5 acres. St. George, Washington Co.

Oct. 22d 1863 A. Ivins
Co. surveyor

This was written on a little piece of paper torn out of a notebook, and it was about as big as the item above. The family lived in that home for about eight years.

In 1863 the people of New Harmony were asked to furnish three teams to go east and help some foreign immigrants to come across the plains to Utah. Grandfather helped fit out these teams.

Chapter 3

Another Wife

In those days people were called on to make all kinds of sacrifices. I've talked about some of them, but I think a more difficult one was yet to come. Aunt Jane told me many years ago that she heard her father and mother talking one night. She couldn't make out what they were talking about, but she did hear her mother say, "Yes, Lem, you can take another, but not M. A."

Later, Jane knew what it was all about. Grandfather had been asked to take another wife, and I'm sure grandmother helped him pick one out. I don't think one of the family ever thought he could have done better. He married Sariah Louisa Chamberlain in October 1866, in the endowment house, Salt Lake City. They were married by apostle Wilford Woodruff.

Grandmother told one of her daughters that she cried and prayed all night when grandfather rode away with Louisa to get married. But she never cried again. She had prayed for faith and strength and patience and understanding, and she was blessed greatly and comforted. Her Father in Heaven heard and answered her prayers.

For 20 years they lived side by side, under one roof but in different apartments. They shared all the responsibilities of their homes and families, and I'm sure that grandmother herself guided that cooperation. However, during the first four years before that they didn't have separate apartments. They were located still in the little adobe house, and it must have been crowded. The two women were used to one another. Louisa had worked in the home before, helping grandmother during sickness and busy times, and they knew one another pretty well. Also, the children knew her and were used to having her in the home. Grandmother had six children by then: Lem, 10; Jane, 8; John, 7; William, 5; Monroe, 3; and Caroline, a little over six months.

I ?ve already noted how Luke, grandfather ?s former slave, liked to be close to the family. Well, he even wanted to make Louisa feel welcome, I guess. He was living in New Harmony; maybe he had a shack near by. Aunt Mecia told me her mother was making mush, probably corn meal mush, for the family one evening. There were about ten in the family then, so it would be a big kettle full. Louisa was stirring it with a big wooden spoon when Luke came up beside her and put his arm around her. Quick as skat she whammed him in the face with her spoon of hot mush. He didn't bother her any more after that.

In 1866-1867 the southern division of the militia trained east of New Harmony under Brigadier General Erastus Snow and Captain James Andrus. The dry field ditch in New Harmony was made by the men at that time and used for their water. The flat was covered with tents, and many men took part in sham battles.

About that time they had the Black Hawk War, and grandfather, who had trained out on the flat with the others, went with Captain Andrus of St. George out to Green River to ascertain the enemy plans.

From Indian Depredations in Utah, by Peter Gottfredson, p. 221, I take:

A company of sixty-one men from St. George and surrounding settlements were ordered out by General Erastus Snow as a minute company which expected to go as far as Green River. The men from the different places met at Gould's Ranch in Washington county twenty-six miles east of St. George on the sixteenth of August 1866. They were inspected by General Snow and staff. Gen. Snow told the boys that if those who were called would obey their officers all would be well with them; if any of them had been hired to go, they might return home.

Continuing the journey from Gould's ranch, August the 18th the men made their first camp on Short Creek where they saw a herd of wild cattle. Captain James Andrus who was in command detailed six men to go after the cattle and drive them to Pipe Springs or Whitemore's Ranch. The company went on to the same place and that evening the detail brought in the cattle. The horses of those driving the cattle being well nigh exhausted, ten or fifteen men were sent out to help them in and drive the cattle into the Whitemore corral; an old cow that had been tame refused to go into the corral, and made an effort to fight the men and horses; finally they had to push her along, but she was shot several times before reaching the corral. Captain Andrus killed and dressed the cow and three other animals. We stopped there two days and jerked the meat which is done by cutting the meat into strips and hanging it on a platform made of willows and building a fire under it, the fire helping the sun to dry it.

On Tuesday the 21st we mustered in one captain, one first lieutenant, one bugler, four second lieutenants and thirty-five privates equipped with good long range rifles and revolvers and we were later reinforced by Lieutenant Joseph Fish with eighteen men from Parowan in iron county, who left there on the 22nd of August.

Next day brought us to Shootem-Pah where it rained on us all night. The next days journey brought us to Pah-reah. We went up the fork of the Pah-yeah and through Potato Valley (now Escalante). Here we gathered some wild potatoes which we cooked and ate them; they were somewhat like the cultivated potato but smaller.

From there we went through Rabbit Valley, crossed Dirty Devil creek (also called Fremont River) and got within sight of Green River. We then turned back, the country between us and the river being too rough and broken to proceed farther.

Black Hawk told Mr. Adams later (at the time of the treaty) that when the men turned away they were within three miles of his (Black Hawk?s) main camp and the stock; that he and his warriors were in Sanpete, and that there were only old men and squaws left in camp.

When we started back we made a dry camp, we travelled all the next day and made another dry camp.

Some of our horses giving out, six men were sent back after them on foot, expecting to catch the horses and ride them back. The horses however were rested and would not be caught; consequently, the men had to carry their overcoats and guns and walk and drive the horses; it was a rough experience.

The company now went down the east fork of the Sevier River, and passed through Circleville, which had been abandoned in the spring after the crops had been put in; the grain was ripe and looking fine; we turned our horses into a field of oats which was enclosed by a fence, from there we went up the canyon westward and through Bear Valley, where we killed some wild chickens. The following day we continued the journey to Parowan where we were entertained with a dance arranged in our honor. Next day we continued the journey to Cedar City where we were well cared for and from there we went to our respective homes.

We were gone from Home sixty days to the best of my memory.

This was reported by John S. Adams of Annabella, who was on this expedition. They had several skirmishes with the Indians and of course other difficulties. One man was killed and they lost a horse, both killed by the Indians.

On page 225 were listed in the fourth platoon Lemuel H. Redd and Francis Prince of New Harmony.

On the ninth of March, 1905, the legislature passed a bill awarding medals to the Indian War Veterans. Grandfather received one of these. An act to give them pensions passed the legislature and was to take effect on approval March 2, 1917. That was too late for grandfather to benefit by it.

Grandfather took an active part in all the wars in Utah since then. I remember when he put in an application for a pension for his services in these wars. A monument on dry field was dedicated in their honor by the Daughters of the Utah Pioneers on December 10, 1940.

Lemuel H. Redd was marshal of the day during the July 4 celebration in 1867. Donations were asked for the Pioneer Emigration Fund in 1868, and he donated $40 for it.
In 1863 the settlers built a log meeting house, which they used for about ten years. In about 1873 they built a white frame meeting house. I presume it was in the same place as was the log house. This frame house was on the only corner in town where four occupied corners met. It served the members of the ward until the present church was built in 1953. Aunt Alice Redd Rich wrote about that first frame meeting house:

In our one room school the pupils ranged from beginners through the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th readers. We were arranged with the boys on one side of the room and the girls on the other, two in a seat in heavy home-made desks. In the center of the room was the big iron wood-burning stove that heated the area nearby, but the corners were cold.

The pipe went up through the ceiling and the roof. At least twice I recall the shingles caught fire. One time Wayne Redd climbed a ladder and put out the blaze with a bucket of water. Another time Jim Naegle was the hero fireman. Sometimes on Friday afternoon for a special treat the whole room of pupils would line up on opposite sides of the room and have a spelling match, going from the youngest to the adults. What a thrill it was to be among the last to be spelled down.

This house served as a schoolhouse, meetinghouse, dance hall, and for all public gatherings for nearly the next century. Through all my years of remembering, it stands as a central pivot of public activity. There we met for school, Sunday school, sacrament meetings, little dances, adult dances, weddings, funerals, rallies and all public gatherings.

The memories that cling around the place are ever sweet and dear to me.
All of grandmother?s children and many of Aunt Louisa?s went to the little frame one-roomed schoolhouse. Grandfather and grandmother were believers in giving their children an education. Uncle Lem went one year to the University of Utah. Uncle John went one year to Brigham Young Academy. Father, William A. Redd, went to St. George. Nelle Hatch says Grandfather taught a year. Nine of grandmother?s children taught school. Aunt Alice Redd Rich went back to New Harmony once for a visit after being away for many years and wrote about the school there:

The One Room School

The years rolled back -- I paused to see
The one room school, and there in reverie
I rested in the cool remote recess
Among the locust trees; the quietness
Around the old school yard, unlocked for me
A treasure trove of cadent memory.
The frayed rope of the bell hung from the tower
Above the door, its ringing tolled the hour
Of morning, noon, and close of recess time,
I listened for its sweet familiar chime.
The shallow stream now choked with mint and sedge
Allured my thirsty lips to seek its edge
And again to drink, then with alacrity,
Return to book with keen intensity,
To glean from the meager store some wisdom there
Like sifted wheat is garnered from the tare.
That one room school is like a shrine to me,
A lucid trumpeter of prophesy,
With joy its reminiscent worth endears
Embroidered childhood stories through the years.
On hallowed ground it stands, 'A fruitful bough
Beside the wall,' with laden branches now
And sanguine verities of priceless worth
They strew as leaves their strength upon the earth.

Another time, Aunt Alice wrote:

In quiet confidence, you have stood as a symbol of faith and loyalty since first your doors were opened for class work. Your length of days has spanned the time since dauntless pioneers pushed back the wilderness and brought waste places into needed productiveness. Within your plain four walls young dreams have flowered, and boys and girls have grown tall and fair, fired with ambition and desire to move ahead and add their strength and uplift to the onward march of progress, at home and far beyond the narrow boundaries of the little town.

Today you are a far cry from the modern school in architecture, lighting, heating and in general efficiency, but what you lacked in these you made up in a closeness of purpose and a desire to help.

I recall the days when I warmed myself at your old black stove, sat in high wooden desks and recited lessons at the teacher's table and copied from memory on my slate the multiplication tables, a feeling of gratitude comes to me and enfolds me like a warming shawl; again I feel the security and love that was mine in your friendly atmosphere.

Today your doors are closed and the village children are transported to the larger centers of learning. But neither time nor change can dim nor alter the warmth, the trust and neighborliness that holds my deeply planted roots there. Tender and enduring are my memories of you, dear, outmoded, one room school.

I started school there myself, but as a beginner I didn't have the privilege of sitting in one of those desks. They were too big for me or they didn't have enough. We little ones first sat on one long low bench -- no desk -- side by side, and we were not to talk to each other. If we did, we were rapped on the head with the teacher's stick called a pointer.

A monument was erected and dedicated September 26, 1960, by the local Daughters of the Utah Pioneers on the site where the frame church stood. This is just north of the present church, on the same corner.
A New Home

Aunt Jane writes: "To see him (John D. Lee) come in the back door one night to be met by Pap, and for the two of them to seat themselves at the table and enter into earnest conversation . . . Though no questions were asked, mother finally whispered to us, 'Pap's buying the John D. Lee farm.'"

On Wednesday, September 17, 1870, grandfather bought the farm of John D. Lee for $4,500, $3,000 to be paid in horned stock, $1,500 in wheat at tithing prices in yearly payments of $500 per year. It was some distance south and west of the town proper, and there were two houses on it, or rather parts of two houses. The house the Redds later moved into was unfinished. I have always been of the impression that the other house, which was frame, was the one that Lee and his families lived in, and that here in this frame house was the hall where they held their meetings. The yard where this frame house stood was always thereafter called the "Frame Yard."

Grandfather tore down the frame house and used the lumber to finish the other which was of brick. He made it into what we would call a duplex. I'll bet it was heaven for those two women to each have a home of her own. The house faced east, and each wife had a front door opening onto the front porch, which was as long as the house. There was an upper porch, and the house was a story and a half high.
Aunt Alice described the rooms of their home to me. They had a great big kitchen, the biggest room in the house. That's where the family lived and worked. The back door came in from the porch on the west. This door was a little north of the center of the room. As you came in from the porch, to your right was a long bench holding the washbasin and two buckets of water, with a dipper under a window. Next to that in the corner, southwest, was the cook stove, the one grandmother had in the other house, and on the south, next to the stove, was the wood box. They attempted to keep the box filled with lengths of wood for the stove and fireplace, which came in the middle of the south wall. Then came the window, and in the corner against the south wall they put the organ, a little, low organ.

I thought we had that organ, but Aunt Luella said that father bought our organ before grandmother died, and we both had organs. Grandfather couldn't read notes, but he could chord for songs by ear. A man named Cragan, as I remember, came and showed him how to chord. They often stood around the organ and sang all the songs they knew. This was the first organ brought to New Harmony. When grandfather died, father sold the organ to Grants.

Along the east wall of the kitchen was a long couch or lounge that would seat half a dozen people. I think it's the one we had in our front room down there. It would pull out for a full sized bed in time of need. Then came the door that led into the front room where special visitors were brought in at the front door. North of this door in the kitchen, grandmother put her sewing machine.

In the north wall was a door that led to the upstairs and the dark room. In the middle of the north wall they put the table when not in use. It was a drop-leaf extension table to accommodate large or small groups. Next to that was the buttery or pantry. North of the outside door from the porch was a window and a mirror with a combcase under it. The roller towel hung on the back of the door. It was some big room, I'd say, and it probably took years to collect all those things. Aunt Alice was the baby and remembered all of the last things there, but she did not remember the early years when they had less.

They lived and worked in the kitchen. It was a hive of activity. There were no evening meetings, no evening activity of the ward or community. After supper they all congregated in the kitchen until bedtime. On a winter evening, grandmother got out her wool and cards for it, while the others got their sewing or knitting and grandfather got out his cobbling work..The wool grandmother used was raised right there in their own yard and orchard on nice, clean sheep. It wasn't dirty like the wool that mother used to get from the herd. Grandmother always carded it into bats before she washed it. Freshly cut, soft, oily wool was easier to card than that which had been washed and snarled up a lot. She would spread it out on the big hearth in front of the fire and get it nice and warm and card great piles of it.

On another evening, maybe the next one, she'd get out her spinning wheel and spin it into yarn. Once again she would warm it nice and warm before she'd spin the bats into yarn. That made it easier, and she could make much smoother and finer yarn that way. Then she wove it on her loom into cloth or rugs or carpets. The loom that grandmother used was a collapsible one that they could set up when needed and take down and put away when she was doing other things. Aunt Luella doesn't remember when her mother wove fabrics.

Very early in the settlement of Dixie they started the woolen mills down in a little town near St. George called Washington. They took their wool to this mill and exchanged it for linsey-woolsey woven there. The warp was cotton, and the woof was wool, making it half cotton and half wool. The linsey-woolsey I remember was gray, but Aunt Lou said they used to get it in white for sheets that were very warm and cozy in the winter when there was no heat in the house except the fireplace.

Father William A. Redd used to haul loads of wool down there for his father. Always a part of their traveling equipment was the "grub box," a permanent, good-sized box with a hinged lid and a fastener to keep it shut. Father went out on the north side of the woolen mill in its shade to eat his lunch. Some of the girls, workers in the factory, saw this handsome young man through the window and began kidding him: "Why eat out there alone? Invite us out. We'd like to taste some of that good-looking food. It smells good, too. Toss us up a piece." On they teased. When he had stood enough, he replied, "When I've had all I want and have fed my dog, I'll give you some." They slammed the window down, and he wasn't bothered any more.

Grandfather had his work in the evening, too. He made all the shoes for the family for many years. He made them from scratch, which indicates that he took the hides of animals, planned and cut out the shoes, and sewed them. John D. Lee also made shoes for his family, so this was a mutual activity, along with all the other work of farming.

Anything they ever had to spare they could take down to sell at Silver Reef, a mining town. There they could sell anything they had. When they took their surplus to Silver Reef, they stopped at the woolen mills in Washington and brought back linsey-woolsey and other bolts of material, which grandmother made into clothing. They also brought back leathers, cowhide for soles and calfskins for the tops. Later, grandmother had a little "Howe" sewing machine with which she could sew the tops together, and the vamp, and up the back. Then grandfather put them on the last and tacked them together.

When father was small he tried to make a baby shoe out of little scraps that grandpa wouldn't use. When he tried to tack the top and sole together, the tacks went into the last, which was only wooden. He pulled it crooked in trying to get it off the last. Disgustedly, he threw it out in the bushes. Aunt Louisa had been watching him, and she went out to retrieve the shoe.

"What are you going to do with that?" he demanded.
"I'm going to keep it and give it to your wife," she explained.
"No! You're not either!" he yelled.

Many times thereafter he said he had gone all through her part of the house when she wasn't there, but he couldn't find the shoe. Mother prized it when she got it.

As pioneers, Lemuel and Keziah Jane Redd did everything they could for themselves and their family, everything necessary for them and their welfare. On one of his trips to Salt Lake City he bought a shoemakers kit. This kit consisted of a box with a hinged lid. Across the back of it was a row of little compartments filled with little wooden pegs, as they didn't use metal tacks then. They used an awl to poke holes in the leather to put these pegs through. The kit also contained a hammer and four wooden lasts: a small, two middle sized, and a large. That was as near to "fitting" a shoe as they could get.

Father said that when they were small they were the only children in town who had shoes when it snowed. The others came to school with wet, cold feet and had to warm them at the little heater in the middle of the room. They sat barefooted all day. They'd scrape the hot coals out on the hearth to warm them. Of course, none of the other children came as far to school as did the Redd children. These shoes of the Redd children were precious, and when it was wet and sloppy, Aunt Mecia said her mother and Aunt Kizzie would wrap their feet in gunny sacks and tie them on. When they arrived at school they'd take the sacks off and put their shoes on. They would then put the gunnysacks under the stove to dry during the day. Often they weren't dry when school was out, but they tied them on anyway and carried their shoes home. Always when the weather was warm they went barefooted. These shoes were made of hides they brought from Salt Lake City or Washington or tanned at home. They greased them up a lot with tallow to make them wear well.

Father William told of the early days when he was very young. They all danced barefooted and barred those who wore shoes so they couldn't stomp on the bare toes of the others. The floors weren't very smooth, and they sometimes got slivers in their feet. When that happened, some swain who had a pocketknife pulled out his knife, opened it, and the foot with the sliver was held up so he could pull it out and the dance could continue. Why let a little sliver stop the fun? Those early dancers didn't.

With so many children in the family, it was a problem to get shoes made for all of them very often. When a child grew out of a pair they were passed down to the next in size. Mother said their shoes were the same shape on both sides -- no left and no right. To make the shoes last longer the children were told to alternate them on their feet. If they wore one on the left foot one day, they were to wear it on the right foot the next day. If the children "ran the shoes over" on one side, sometimes the alternating would help, but not with mother. She ran hers both the same way to the right.

At first on this new farm from Lee, they cleared the land of rocks, and of these rocks they built their fences. They used no cement, probably they didn't have any. They may have used mud. If they used mud the rains washed it from the rocks and the fences, like the chimney, fell down into heaps. Later a fence of barbed wire was put along the side of the old rock fence. These old rock heaps were ideal habitats for snakes and as younsters we always carried a good substantial stick with which to kill such snakes if we ever saw one. And we often did such.

These rock walls were around the frame yard, the pond, the orchard, and in fact all the separate parts of the farm. The pond was a place of interest to us children. We often hiked up to it. One end was shallow and the bottom slanted towards the south where we used to think it was very deep. I can remember when the pond was used for baptisms but this was discontinued before I was baptized. The spring still feeds it but it is filled with slime and water weeds of all kinds such as bull rushes and cattails.

The house they lived in was started by John D. Lee. It had four brick walls around the main part, and the partitions were of lumber or studdings. There were two main rooms on the lower floor, with a little bedroom between them on grandmother's side of the house. There was a fireplace and chimney in grandmother's end of the house and, I suppose, one in Aunt Louisa's end also. The house was long, with gables on the north and south ends. There were three rooms upstairs, with a stairway up to the middle room they called the dark room because it had no window, just two little panes of glass in the roof. The walls upstairs -- and a few downstairs -- were finished with plaster or fabric on only one side; the studding showed on the other side. This was true of the dark room. Aunt Della went up there once to take a bath. She went to sit on a chair, and there was a big blow snake coiled on it. She screamed for help and her brother, William, came to the rescue. The snake had started to go down between two studdings. William grabbed it by the tail and pulled. The snake blew up and braced itself. William wrapped the snake around his hand, got a better hold, and pulled harder. He pulled the snake in two, and they never did find the head end.

The north room had a door that opened onto a little catwalk over to the long upper porch, as long as the house. Aunt Sussie said that the upper porch was never used, so far as she knew; it was for decoration only. But the kids used to take their bedding out on the lower porch to sleep sometimes in the summer.

The kitchen or kitchens -- surely, there was one at each end of the house -- were in a long, wide lean-to attached to the main part of the house. Out back of the kitchens were the back porches, in another long lean-to attached to the kitchen lean-to.

Grandmother was the disciplinarian of the family. Uncle Lem said he lived in the family home 24 years before he married, and he never heard his pap or his mother speak sharply to each other. Grandpa once asked Louie to bring another stick of wood for the fire.

She didn't hear him properly and asked, "What?" Her mother said, "Is that a way to speak to your father? He is a gentleman, and you must address him as such." "How should I speak to him?" asked Louie. ?'Sir!? is the proper word,? she was told. Grandmother always insisted that they do as their father said on every occasion.

The cellar was under the house at the south end. It was merely a hole in the ground with a dirt floor. I don't know whether the walls, were of dirt or of brick or rocks. There were steps leading down to it from the south at right angles to the south wall. These steps were covered by a big slanting door that had to be lifted up. It was the kind of door kids liked to slide down, too. There was also an upright door at the bottom, opening toward the inside.

Somebody left the door open once, and old Bossy went down to investigate. In her movements about she pushed the door shut. Aunt Vilo was sent down for something but couldn't get in. She could see just a little bit of cow. She dashed upstairs, shouting that she couldn't get in, the cellar was full of cows. She said she actually thought it was, too.

They used a lot of ingenuity in that cellar. They kept their milk down there, for instance, and if they had merely stacked shelves as in other places, mice could get into the milk. Instead, they suspended the shelves with four wires, one from each of the four corners. Several shelves, one above the other, were on these same wires. They figured the milk would be safe. But one day the cream came up missing. Grandmother asked her children who had skimmed the milk. They all denied having done such. Again it was missed. Again they denied it, and again, and again. Then one day grandmother went down for something, and there was a big blow snake with its mouth open going around the pan and lapping off the cream.

Before they got the organ, that corner of the house held the loom. Aunt Lou said that by the time she was old enough to remember, her mother wove only carpets. Then she would put the loom away. By that time, too, she only spun coarse yarn for rugs. The spinning wheel could be moved from room to room as needed. Between meals the table was shortened against the wall, and other activities were carried on in the space.

Each of the children had regular responsibilities. Aunt Lou's job was to fill the chip basket with good, clean chips. The basket was of Indian make and held the chips ready for the early fire making in the morning. She had to fill it at night. One night they had company, and they told such interesting stories that Aunt Lou didn't want to miss them. She delayed until it was dark, but she had to get the chips anyway. Her mother held a candle for her, but the flickering was about as bad as nothing. She could see all kinds of wild animals and other dangers out there in the dark. She got her chips early after that experience.

Aunt Ellen had to shut up the chicken coop very carefully so that no coyote could get in and take a chicken or two.

Aunt Vilo had to carry the water up from the spring down by the creek. She told me she once had to go and get it after they were ready to sit down to a meal. She was so mad that she put her foot in the bucket.

Aunt Alice was assigned to bring up the potatoes from the basement.

Their parents wouldn?t remind the children of their duties; they were to do the chores without being reminded. These were their nightly chores. Everything had to be ready for grandmother to prepare breakfast early in the morning.

I asked Aunt Alice once if they often had cornmeal mush for breakfast, and she said that they never had mush for breakfast. For breakfast they always had potatoes and gravy with eggs, bacon, or sausage, and always with hot bread and butter. Breakfast was the big meal of the day to start out the day?s work on the farm. They had corn meal mush for supper. Each was given a bowl of milk, and the mush was dipped into it, as much as each wanted. Dinner was about the same as breakfast -- potatoes and gravy and meat of some kind, mainly pork. A special dish was a quail pie. When grandmother could get half a dozen quail, she would make a big pie in a milk pan, and it was ?super duper.?

Chapter 4

Family Activities

I don't know the date, but at one time a man named Sandeen came to New Harmony with a pack on his back. When he opened it there were dress and suit patterns; that is, many pieces of material with enough in a piece for a suit or a dress. He was a professional tailor and had the materials to sell, too. If they bought his material, he would like the job of making it up. He was also looking for a place to do his work. When grandmother saw his materials and the opportunity it afforded, she said he could use her big kitchen and table if he would teach her to do tailoring. I guess that was the best place he could find, so they made a bargain.

After the morning breakfast was over, the table was cleared off and left spread out full length. Out came Sandeen's patterns, and a suit was started. Step by step he explained his processes throughout the day. Then at night, after the rest of the family were in bed, grandmother sat by the table and went carefully over the day's instructions. In this way she soon learned all there was to know about it and was able to ask questions about anything she had forgotten.

Later, when Sandeen was not available, she did the tailoring for the community -- or communities, because people came from other towns for her to do work for them. Aunt Lusette Wood told me that she went to New Harmony and took tailoring lessons from grandmother. Aunt Alice said she had no doubt in her mind but that grandmother made the suit that my father, William, wore when he had his picture taken at sixteen -- maybe also the coat. Of course, she made her own dresses in these pictures as well as grandpa's suit.

"Many well dressed men were indebted to her for their good looking suits. When Independence Taylor was an old man, he used to tell us children that no man ever had a more handsome suit than his (wedding) suit, which was the handiwork of my mother," writes Aunt Alice. "Sandeen had taught her how to baste the stiffening in the coat fronts and collars, how to finish the lapels, pad the shoulders, set in the pockets, and make button holes. She could draft patterns for women's clothing, too, and when she went to Parowan to visit her daughter, Caroline, they had heard of her work and she coached a group of women there. She was an expert tailoress.

It took three weeks to travel to Salt Lake City one-way, so people seldom went. The men of the town took turns, and whoever went did the shopping for the community. When mother was a little girl, for example, she worked hard drying fruit to earn money for a new dress, and she gave her money to a man, Benjamin Bruppocher, whose turn it was to go to Salt Lake. She described and showed him exactly what she wanted. He couldn't find that, so he chose a dress for her. She was disappointed, to say the least.

That was about the only time they needed money for anything in the way of shopping. In the community at home they traded or bartered. They even traded when they went to Salt Lake City. Aunt Alice said that her father went about every other year, and when he went he took dried fruit, buckskin gloves, pine nuts, and anything they could think of and could spare. Aunt Mecia said her father would bring home a bolt of cloth and they all had dresses alike.

Aunt Mecia tells about their summer experiences. As soon as the fruit was ripe and ready to dry, they gathered together all the pans, boxes, old chairs, knives, and benches. They dressed in their old clothes and went to the orchard early in the morning and stayed all day. Only two were left in the house to do all the work there. They sat there all day and pealed and cut apples for drying, or cut and pitted peaches or apricots or plums or whatever fruit was to be done that day. Some of them, probably the boys, climbed the trees and picked the fruit; others spread it out to dry.

They would work until dark, then wash at the little basin beside the door and go to bed. The next day this kind of work was repeated. This went on until all the fruit and vegetables were cached away for the coming winter. It took everybody in the family to get it all in because there were many mouths to feed and many growing bodies to be nourished.

Aunt Lou gave me a version of pine nut hunting. She said her brother, William, used to take them a lot. I remember he was very fond of pine nuts. Aunt Alice said the first money she ever earned was to crack pine nuts for her brother William, at 5 cents a cup. When they found a tree covered with cones he would climb up the tree with a sharp little hatchet and cut off the loaded branches. The kids down below would break off the cones to take them home. The Indians showed them how to roast the nuts. When they got home they would dig a big hole and line it with rocks. Then they would build a big fire on those rocks and get them red hot. They'd rake out the ashes and fill the hole with pinecones and cover them with grass sod from which they had shaken as much dirt as possible. Then they would cover the sod with their blankets. The "oven" was left to cool. When they uncovered it, the heat had popped open the cones and let the nuts fall out.

Grandmother had a big box with a hinged lid to put the pine nuts in. She would put this box under the bed. They couldn't open the box while it was under the bed, and the little kids couldn't pull out the box from under the bed.

When I said blankets, I didn't mean bed blankets they slept in. They always had a supply of blankets they put under their saddles when they rode, which they called saddle blankets. They always had them along when they went on any kind of trip and used them for sitting or lying on the dirt or rocks.

The year-around chores for a boy on a farm of that day were getting kindling and wood ready at night for the cook stove, cleaning the ashes out of the stove in the morning, milking the cows, feeding all the animals or turning them out to pasture, gathering the eggs, filling the lamps with coal oil or kerosene, watching out for and killing snakes, carrying water from the creek for family and household use and from the spring for drinking purposes, loading wheat in sacks into the wagon and hauling it to Cedar City to be ground into flour, bringing back the flour and bran, and hunting in the hills for all kinds of game for meat.

I guess grandfather was a pretty busy man all the time, teaching and training the children how to do these things and seeing that all the chores were done when they should be.

The seasonal chores included shoveling snow, chopping more wood for the fireplace, butchering animals and curing the meat by drying or jerking beef and salting pork, going to the canyons and mountains to haul wood, plowing, planting, watering and weeding crops, picking the fruit and helping store it for winter, gathering and storing vegetables in pits and trenches, cutting grain with a scythe and flailing it, building fences, digging ditches, making and fixing roads, clearing rocks off the land, making fences with these rocks, learning to ride and handle horses, breaking them in for various uses, tanning leather and buckskin, making and fixing shoes, making and fixing harnesses, bridles, plows, sleighs, wagons,and shearing sheep.
Aunt Alice writes:
Great quantities of dried fruit, along with homemade cheese from some home dairy, great crocks of butter and handmade buckskin gloves, would be hauled to Salt Lake City to be exchanged for store articles. These three hundred mile journeys would be taken in the fall after the busy season was over,and they would take about six weeks. I remember the thrill when father and mother would get home from one of these trips and we opened the parcels of wonder.

By the time Aunt Alice was old enough to remember the trips to Salt Lake, there were no babies for her mother to tend; therefore, grandmother was free to go to Salt Lake City with her sweetheart on some of the trips.

Aunt Alice said that when grandfather bought the farm from John D. Lee, he supposedly bought 160 acres. John D. Lee owned it by squatter's rights only. Others had the same idea and squatted on various parts of it here and there. When Grandfather went for his deeds there were only about 60 acres left that he could call his own. That wasn't enough ground to support his family, so he went into cattle and sheep raising. They ran their sheep in the hills about town in the summer and out on the desert farther north in the winter. The range land was public land then, free to any and all stockmen. They took their sheep wherever they could find forage. Their cattle summered out in the brush along the foothills, and they fenced a large part of the farm in the southwest corner on both sides of the creek and fed the cattle there during the winter. It was a job for the boys to fence it, put up the hay, and herd the cattle and sheep.

Of course, I haven't listed all their chores, but every child had to do his part. In the spring at lambing time everybody had to lend a hand and tend the lambs. If the mother died or refused to care for her lamb, it was brought home, and the children raised it for a pet. Each spring a small flock was cared for at home in this way.

At harvest time they cut the grain with a scythe, a tool with a long, bent handle and a long, curved blade attached to the handle at an angle. The wooden handle had two small handles which stood out at right angles and were placed in the right position for a comfortable hand hold. They gathered the grain by hand and tied it together into bundles with some of the straw. Several of these bundles were then stood up together into a shock. Then they hauled the grain and stacked it in the stack yard. Every farm had a stack yard. They always stacked it with the stems out and the heads inside the stack to keep the crows and other birds from eating it, and to provide for water drainage. At first they used a flail and beat the chaff off the grain by hand. They had done it this way from the beginning. Then they'd lift it high and pour it out of a vessel on a windy day onto a wagon cover and the wind would blow the chaff away.

About 1885 a man in Cedar City got himself a brand new invention and brought it to New Harmony. It was called a "Thrashing Machine." Mr. Walker went with his threshing machine all over the area from town to town. When he came to New Harmony he would start at one end of town and go right through it. The thresher was run by horse power. Four teams they hitched to four tongues and went around in a circle, turning a long rod that went into the machine to set it going. It took many men to run the machine. One handled the horses, some pitched bundles, some fed the machine, some stacked the straw, and some sacked the grain and took it to the granary. Mostly, it was manned by local men who stayed with it throughout the town or towns. The threshing crew followed the machine, and the men were fed by the housewife on whose farm they were threshing.

It was a busy time. Aunt Mecia said the kids had to take the knives and forks and spoons down to the creek and scour them bright and shiny. They didn't want the threshing crew to eat with a tarnished spoon at their home, for fear they would tell about it at some other farmhouse later. The family spent days getting ready for the threshers. The house had to be cleaned from attic to cellar.

After dinner was over and the great stack of dishes was washed and put away, the children could go to the big bins and stand in the wheat. The most fun they ever had was to stand in the wheat when the sacks were emptied and feel the wheat flowing over their bare legs. But father William never got in on this fun; he was 24 and married before he ever saw a threshing machine. After the wheat was threshed, it was stored in the granary in bins. If they wanted flour, they sacked this wheat and hauled it to Cedar City, where there was a flour mill and where it was ground into flour and bran. They had to wait until the milling was done, then bring it home. They called it "going to grist" or "taking a grist to the mill."

I've talked a great deal about wheat, but the Redds were southern, and in the South corn is the staff of life. They liked corn in any form. They ate it off the cob, they dried it for winter, they made hominy out of dried ripe corn, and they ground it into corn meal and ate corn bread and corn meal mush. It took as much work to harvest corn as wheat. They picked the ears off the stocks and carried it over beside the animal pens. There they shucked it. Then they took it to a shady spot and shelled it. This they did by rubbing a cob over the ear and removing the kernels off the cob. They hauled that, too, to Cedar City to be ground into corn meal.

Another big feature of the day was hauling wood. They used wood in the cook stove and in the fireplaces, and they used a great deal of it. It had to be hauled and cut into stove lengths. At least two went into the canyons or mountains for a load of wood. They took with them sharp axes and a log chain. Each tree had to be cut down by hand and the branches trimmed off. The chain was fastened to a log and to the harness of a horse, which dragged it to the wagon. It might take several days to get a load, and it took many loads for a year's supply. The year's wood was usually hauled in the fall after the other harvesting was done. Then they had a big pile of logs, and they would drag down a log at a time and cut it into stove wood lengths with the axe as needed. The pile grew smaller and smaller until the next fall, when they had to start all over again.

Whole gangs went out to haul wood for the meetinghouse and for the aged and for widows. Often at such times those who didn't haul wood and the women would get up a dinner and they would have a ward celebration.

Their home life was different from ours in many ways. They had no bathroom. So when Eliza Westover came over from Pinto to visit her boy friend, Lem Redd, and he wanted to bathe and clean up for her, he went down to the creek for the purpose. While he was there his cousin Wiff Pace came up and inquired of his whereabouts. When he heard it he asked quickly for one of Eliza's dresses. He donned it and a bonnet and went o the creek. When Lem, thinking it was Eliza, called to warn her that he was naked she kept right on coming. He called a second and a third time. She still advanced. Then he said in effect, "I wouldn't have such a brazen hussy for my wife. Not ever."

In December, 1889, they had a big flood in New Harmony. It came from the west of the farm down the canyon from Pine Valley mountain. Some think it was caused by waters being held in the canyon by debris which had accumulated for years until there was a big pond or lake. So much water collected that the debris gave way and let the waters come, making a great roar. People in town saw an immense wall of water, twenty or more feet high, coming down to Redd's farm, headed for the house. Everyone,who saw it was terrified about what the results might be. Certainly, there was no place for the family to go to escape the water's destruction, and no time to go, anyway. It was right on them when they heard it and saw it. Fortunately, the natural terrain divided the waters above the house so that a big portion rushed down the creek and the rest dashed down north of the house through the meadow part of the farm. When the waters divided, their powers were lessened, and they left their burdens -- rocks, timbers, brush, etc. -- scattered all over the area. It took years to remove and dispose of all the rubbish.

The flood left part of a big tree trunk beside the road through the meadow. It was never removed. This log -- some six or eight feet long and about two feet thick -- was used for many years as a resting place when going from and to the farm. Many called it "Lover's Log." I guess every one of the growing children at some time sat there of an evening with a loving friend. The log was still there when we left New Harmony to go to Canada in 1905.

All the children of Lemuel H. Redd who grew up in the old home loved Ash Creek and all its turns and windings, its wide pools, and its narrow, trickling parts. They loved the old pine tree up near the foot of Pine Valley mountain, and with every excuse they hiked up to it, just as did all the children -- and older folk, too -- of New Harmony. They loved to climb around the base of old Pine Valley mountain, especially in the early spring when, through little patches of snow in the shade of the rocks, grew a lovely little thing we called "Snow Flowers," which I have never seen or known to grow elsewhere. The early settlers loved the view across the valley east, especially on some clear evenings when the sunset cast a glorious radiance over these masterpieces of old Mother Nature.

As expressed by Alice Redd Rich:

My Hills of Home

When Nature fashioned my hills of home
She spared no color, no tint, no tone,
But splashed vermillion and rust and gold
On her shaggy peaks both steep and bold.
Morning
The morning sun sends her radiant beams
Over flaming reds and evergreens,
Mellows to softness her vivid hues,
Subdues her brilliance with smoky blues.
Noon
The mid day light casts no darkening shade
On rocky peaks or on sheltered glade,
Now my hills of home, in monarch?s dress
join earth and sky with their loveliness.
Evening
The sun?s last ray as it sinks to rest
Throws burninshed gold on each tall bright crest;
Then purple and greys wrap each arch and dome
And night shades close on my hills of home

Some of Lemuel H. Redd's Activities

Aunt Ellen writes:

Along various lines was my father's leadership prominent in this small town. For many years it seems that through all the years from my infancy up -- he was chairman of trustees for the school district. He served as justice of the peace, was a member of the Kane County court for six years, and for one term was probate judge. He assisted in establishing the Kanarra and New Harmony cattle and sheep co-op and served as director and treasurer in each for about twenty years.

Though he was never privileged to become a medical student in any university, yet he was a practicing physician and did much. Very few medical doctors and dentists were found in southern Utah towns. My father studied the human body. He filled the place of a needed physician and did much efficient work in the setting of broken bones, replacing dislocated joints, and extracting teeth.

Grandfather had three pair of dental forceps ? for different sizes and shapes of teeth. He pulled teeth for all who came for the service, in town and in the neighboring towns, all with no charge. These forceps were turned over to his son, William A., who carried on after grandfather was in Mexico, right up until William went to Canada. Aunt Ellen said she once had a tooth ache bad, and William was going to pull it for her. He kneeled on the floor on his right knee. He lifted his left knee up and supported it on his foot and set her on that knee with his left arm around her. He picked up the forceps with the other hand, and as he did so she let out a blood-curdling scream. It was summer and the door was open. Jim Taylor was passing by on horseback. He slid off his horse, jumped the fence, and dashed in to the rescue. William hadn't even yet touched Aunt Ellen's tooth.

Aunt Alice said that Aunt Louisa, also, was skilled in caring for the sick. She and grandmother one time put back the severed finger of Susie Redd, bandaged it, and applied splints. The finger grew, so the story goes.

Grandfather knew the best kind of wood for splints and how to whittle them just right. George Prince was mail carrier from Kanarra, and one night his horse came home without him. A posse of men went in search of him and found him with a broken leg by the side of the road. No doctor was within call, so grandfather read Dr. Gunn's book and followed directions. He put the bones in place, bound the leg with splints, and Prince's leg healed perfectly. Another time, Jim Pace was thrown from his horse and received a dislocated shoulder. Albert Taylor brought him to grandfather, and with the faithful Dr. Gunn's book grandfather had Albert press his stockinged foot tight under the arm while grandfather worked the arm in a rotary movement until the shoulder joint slipped into place.

In 1874 the United Order was established in New Harmony by Apostle Erastus Snow, with Lemuel H. Redd as vice-president and secretary. On January 1, 1877, in company with his wife, Keziah, he attended the dedication of the lower part of the St. George Temple. In April of the same year they attended the 47th Semiannual Conference of the church, which was held in the temple at St. George when the whole building was dedicated.

At the opening of the temple for baptism and endowment work, we find Lemuel H. Redd and his family among the first to labor for dead relatives. He continued this work of love whenever possible.

He was generous to a fault. His hospitality to traveling friends was unusually marked. He was an extensive and intensive reader, a qualified student of history, biography, and current topics. He was interested in politics and was an enthusiastic republican -- standing for the building up of home industries. He was an untiring student of the gospel and a very pleasing speaker. His nature was genteel and happy. He loved to sing with his family, and he let his tenor voice be heard in church. He had a broad understanding of life and was diligent in searching after knowledge in various fields. He was widely known and blessed with many friends. In earlier life he was known as "Uncle Lem Redd," but later generations called him "Grandpa Redd."
Chapter 5

Exploring Experiences

In the fall of 1879, eighty families were called by the church from Iron, Garfield, and Washington counties to colonize the valley of the San Juan River in southeastern Utah. Grandfather was chosen as one of the scouts to find a trail or road for them. From a book called "Zealots of Zion," by Hoffman Birney, I take the following excerpts about this trip:

George B. Hobbs, Lemuel H. Redd, George Sevy and George Morrell were sent as an advance party to scout a route from the eastern bank of the Colorado to Montezuma.

Three Georges and a Lemuel composed the quartette which set out from the Hole-in-Rock on December 17, 1879. As they were assembling their outfits for the trip, George Morrell asked George B. Hobbs if it would be possible to take with them a burro to pack the bedding. Hobbs replied to the affirmative. Whereupon Lemuel Redd remarked that he possessed a stout, sure footed mule that was but little larger than a burro. If Morrill's burro could get through the rough country they would traverse, he was confident his mule could make it. It was voted to take the mule, and George Sevy immediately observed that he had a tough pony that wasn't any larger than Redd's mule. Any place that mule could go he asserted his pony could follow.

Ordinary standards of comparison are futile in attempting to describe the western portion of San Juan County through which the three Georges and Lemuel Redd were striving to blaze a trail. It is unlike any other section of the United States.

The Mormon pioneers gave Lemuel Redd's name to one of the big canyons that head in the Clay Hills and wind westward to the Colorado. Some of the maps show the general location and course of that gorge, but cartographers could see no necessity for the final "D" and it appears only as Red Canyon, one of a thousand-odd Red Canyons that are found in the west.

Through such errors does all memory of the pioneers vanish ? Redd canyon was the only name in San Juan County that preserved the memory of any of the dauntless men who blazed the first trail through that unknown wilderness of sandstone.

They ran out of provisions and even out of water. It was dry and dusty. Grandfather held a little, round, flat stone in his mouth for days to keep his tongue from swelling. As a last resort they killed the mule and ate that as long as it was fresh enough.

They arose one morning and grandfather said to the others, "Go ahead and cook some of the mule, and I'll go get some water."

They thought he had lost his senses, but he had dreamed in the night where there was water close by. He took their demijohn and left camp. He went to a group of trees and found a small spring. He drank his fill, filled the demijohn, and returned to camp. Needless to say, they all rejoiced. Their rejoicing was not only for themselves but also for their remaining animals, which were just as badly off as they were.

Hoffman Birney said of their experience at that time: "The four must have been men of iron. Ninety-six hours of starvation, to say nothing of other hardships they had undergone, left little mark upon them."

Later they saw a mountain goat which, when they chased it, ran bounding from rock ledge to rock ledge down the only possible route to the bottom of Grand Gulch.

George Hobbs writes: "Christmas found us on the east side of Elk Mountain without food and no way of identifying our location. It was impossible to retrace our steps to the river camp, and we knew not which way to go to reach our destination. Lemuel H. Redd's dream helped us find our way."

Aunt Ellen writes about that:

The following is my father's story as I remember hearing him tell of their perilous experience that Christmas time. Snow had fallen all day until evening. Night began to settle around them. They found a clearing in which to make camp. With branches from Cedar trees they brushed off the snow and kindled several large fires to dry and warm the ground. After hours of work carrying dry cedar trees to feed the fires, their reward was a warm place for their horses and for them to lie down wrapped in their blankets. Their grievous needs of the moment and their days of suffering from cold and lack of food would naturally lead them to the only source from which they could possibly receive help.

Morning came with clear skies and sunshine. As they folded their blankets my father said to his companions, "Come with me to the top of yonder knoll and I will show you the San Juan River."As they stood on the spot where he had stood in his dream of the night before, their hearts thrilled as each in his turn with the field glasses looked upon the waters of the San Juan River shining like a silver ribbon in the sunlight, as my father expressed it. This ended their search for the San Juan River. It was to guide them to their destination.

Kuman Jones, one of those early pioneers to San Juan writes a tribute:

The exploring trip of these four men, George W. Sevy, Lemuel H. Redd, George Morrell and George Hobbs, will always be remembered by all those acquainted with it, and who took part in it, as one of the hardest and most trying in the way of perseverance and persistent endurance of any undertaking connected with the San Juan mission.

It has been a source of wonder to all those who have become acquainted with the country which those explorers traveled since those early days. How they ever found their way through deep snow and blinding snowstorms in such a timbered country, all cut to pieces with deep gorges for such a long distance without compass or trail, remains a puzzle. Much of the time there was no sun, moon or stars to help them in keeping their course. The only answer that helps explain the mystery must be that a kind providence came to their assistance. How those Latter Day Saints scouts made that trip and returned alive, with the weather, food shortages, and other obstacles against them is proof that a kind Father held out His hand. Having gone over that country many times riding after cattle, it seems more impossible as time passes.

While in California later, I found in Heart Throbs of the West, published by the Daughters of the Utah Pioneers, a further account of the trip of grandfather from the Hole-in-the-Rock to Montezuma. It seems that when they got to the Hole-in-the-Rock they had to find a way down through it and then farther. These four men were sent to find that farther road and to decide on a route suitable for the wagons to follow. These pathfinders left the Hole-in-the-Rock December 17, 1879, with provisions for an eight-day trip, the distance being estimated at about sixty miles.

They took with them two animals for packing and two for riding. The second day after leaving the Colorado River, the four reached a barrier that was to be commemorated in state history as Slick Rocks, a sweeping expanse of densely compacted sandstone so smooth that at only great distances did even a crevice appear in the slippery surface. It was impossible to go around it. If they were to reach Montezuma, their only course lay down the Slick Rocks.

After much scouting around they discovered the trail of some mountain sheep. From here they could see a deep canyon leading to the northward. Their trail led them toward the range known as Clay Hills. The ground was cut into a tangled network of canyons that coursed north, south, east and west in a bewildering manner.

The scouting party was forced to travel one canyon after another in their search for a path that the wagons might follow. They now realized that their provisions would be exhausted long before they reached Montezuma. Their goal lay almost due east from the 'Hole' but they had been forced many miles to the north by seeking to find a pass through the Clay Hills.

Many disappointments and setbacks were encountered. East of Clay Hills, ranging north from San Juan, lay a many branched gorge, so vast they christened it Grand Gulch. Its steep walls were impassable and the scouts were again to go northward before they succeeded in passing around the main head of the canyon and its many forks. Christmas day they found themselves far up on the slops of another timbered range, The Elk Mountains, the existence of which they had known nothing about, and on that they cooked their last food. Their Christmas dinner consisted of a flapjack of flour and water. Surrounded by the timbered foothills of the unknown mountains they realized that they were lost.

Hobbs, who had been with the party at Montezuma and in a way felt responsible for the success or failure of the party, placed their difficulties before a higher power than man. He knelt among the stones and prayed. Guided by that prayer, he climbed to the summit of a small knoll south of camp. From here he was able to recognize the familiar contour of the blue Mountains, which were northwest of Montezuma. The four men knelt in thanksgiving and the hillock was given the name of Salvation Knoll. For four days they trudged through sand and snow over the roughest country imaginable. Hobbs stated that as they climbed out of Butler Wash he found himself wishing that one of the animals might fall and kill itself; the misfortune would at least furnish food.

Late in the afternoon of that fourth day, they staggered up the bank of cottonwood wash and crossed a treeless flat toward a cabin that a man named Harris (A Mormon from Colorado) had built where Bluff now stands. One of the men afterwards stated that, 'While we waited for sister Becky Warner, one of the Harris household, to fry meat for our supper, I believe no torture in hell could be worse for us.' (Four days without food and we have to smell it cooking.)

After only a single night's rest they moved on up the San Juan to the settlement at the mouth of Montezuma, finding the settlers almost without food. They remained overnight, promising to return, if possible, in sixty days with provisions. The only food they were able to obtain for their return trip was a fifty-pound sack of flour, bought after much persuasion from a wandering trapper for $20.00.

On the return trip these trail-weary scouts faced the necessity of finding a more practical route for the wagons than the one they had followed.They struck far north of the first course. All of their provisions were gone and they were in an almost starving condition when they reached the Hole-In-The-Rock. Their exhausted animals were scarcely able to stagger down the trail that led to the river. One of the packhorses having worn his hooves almost to the hide, leaving a circle of blood on the rocks with every step. They reached camp January 10th 1880, twenty-five days after having been required to make the trip.

I presume they figured that when they returned to the Hole-in-the-Rock they would just relax and rest a couple of days, but the colony had been in touch with home by means of riders who carried messages and mail. So when grandfather returned to the "Hole," a rider had come from home bringing letters. His letter brought the bad news that there was sickness in his home. Two babies were sick -- Alice, nearly eleven months, and George, thirteen months old. He was wanted at home. He packed up his few things, saddled his mount, and went home alone over that long, lonely trail. He found his children down with diphtheria, but the crisis was passed and they were recovering. Grandmother and Aunt Louisa must have been thankful and relieved to have grandfather back home with the priesthood after all they had gone through.

In 1887 Congress passed the Edmonds-Tucker Law, making more stringent rules against polygamy. Grandfather had married Louisa in good faith and vowed he wouldn?t give her up and that they would never catch him and put him in jail. Then began seven years of hide-and-seek between grandfather and the United States marshals. He was away from home dodging the marshals all the time, and during this time Wayne, 17, and Ben, 15, ran the farm and looked after affairs until William Alexander came home from his mission. Then William took over. It was a good thing that grandmother and Aunt Louisa had made their homes practically self-supporting.

Friends and relatives -- and especially grandfather?s own family -- did everything they could to shield him and keep him from being taken. Aunt Alice tells about the time when marshals Dyer and McGarry came to their home. From their front porch they could plainly see the highway leading into town, and when a strange carriage or horseman was sighted, the alarm put men, women, and children on guard to screen their father.

The morning the marshals came in early autumn, Aunt Alice had been sent to town to post a letter. When she was about halfway across the meadow she spied a strange, blacktopped buggy with spirited horses coming through Uncle Wilse?s gate. She had had her instructions, and like a scared deer, her nine-year-old feet covered the space back home in double quick time. She stopped long enough, however, to lock the big gate leading to their yard in order to delay them. Then she dashed into Aunt Louisa?s house shouting, ?The marshals are coming!? Aunt Louisa and Mecia were washing in the back yard. Without asking any questions, the two of them caught up their gingham bonnets and with a parting word -- ?You take care of Jennie ? -- they disappeared into the thicket of willows and potawattomie plum trees out through the gap.

As was their custom, the representatives of the law searched every room and cranny of the big duplex that housed the two large families. They asked impudent questions of everyone they saw. Aunt Polly, grandfather?s cousin, was there, and in true southern frankness she gave them a piece of her acid mind and let them know that they were anything but gentlemen. When they came to the living room, there stood Alice, hovering over the cradle taking care of Jennie, the three-month-old baby. In his most suave manner, one of the men patted her shoulder and asked, ?Where is your mama??

"I don?t know,? was the only answer she was to give to a stranger.

?How old is the baby??

?I don?t know,?came again.

?What's its name??

?I don?t know.?

With an impatient shrug one of the men turned to his companion: ?These Mormon kids don?t seem to know anything. Of course, that?s what they?ve been taught to answer always. But we could starve this baby out if we weren?t in a hurry to get to St. George to Conference. There we are sure to find some of them.?

Of course, they couldn?t have starved Jennie out. Alice had been instructed in such a case to take the baby to Eliza Kelsey, who would share her baby?s lunch with Jennie.

Aunt Ellen told me a similar instance once. She was in town for something, as I remember, and saw a strange rig coming, and she, too, ran home as fast as she could all the way, but she tied shut and locked every gate she came to. She found her father sitting on the front porch with his ?spy? glasses, and he told her it was Wiff Pace coming from Loa. He knew the outfit. Aunt Ellen didn?t or couldn?t tell, as she had very poor eyesight.

One day grandmother was down town to Relief Society meeting. Aunt Polly Holt from Spanish Fork was there, and she was telling Luella and Wayne some stories in grandmother?s part of the house. Aunt Louisa was ironing and Uncle Ben was lying on the floor rocking the little old baby cradle with his foot when Aunt Louisa looked up. Right there by the big gate was the U.S. marshal?s buggy. She and Uncle Ben ran out the back door into the corn patch to hide as fast as they could. The marshal searched through the house for grandpa and then said she was a funny mother to run off and leave her baby. He served papers on Luella, about 11, and Wayne, about 16, to appear in court in Beaver on a certain date. They drove up to Parowan and stayed at night with their sister, Caroline, and went on to Beaver the next day.

Before they left home Louie cried and said, ?What if I say something wrong??
Her father said, ?If they ask you where I am, tell them you don?t know, because you won?t know where I will be.?

Grandfather was ever on the move during this time. He went to Bluff for a while with his brother-in-law, Harvey A. Pace. When he felt that place was too ?hot? he went to Mesa and stayed with his daughter, Jane. He came back by way of California, and conditions were no better.

He decided to move his second family to San Juan, and in August of 1888 he took a lot of stock and part of his family out there. Three of them stayed with grandmother in New Harmony to help take care of the farm. His daughters, Della and Ellen, went along to help. Della rode a horse and helped to drive and take care of the stock. Ellen drove a team and wagon. It was a long journey to the Colorado River, where they expected a boat to take them across. Lem came from Bluff and met them at the river, but there was only a skiff, not a boat. It was late in the season and the water was low, exposing a sand bar in the middle of the stream. They swam their stock across to the bar all right, but the wagons were too big for the skiff. They took their wagons apart and it took seven trips to get their things to the sand bar. By then it was late so they spent the night there.

During the night a thunderstorm came, with heavy rain, and the water rose and drenched them. When daylight came, water was pouring down over the high cliffs on both sides of the river and into it. The sand bar was nearly covered. They swam their stock and made the seven trips the rest of the way across. There they built fires, dried their clothing and bedding, put their wagons together again and went on, thankful that they were all alive and well.

Before coming to the river they had suffered for want of water for themselves and for their animals, as all the little tributary streams, if there were any, had dried up. I have camped myself along the rim of the Colorado, and there were no streams. Water seems to go down in sinkholes to the river. However, after the storm the party found water in many basin-like depressions in the tops of large flat rocks. They sometimes found several gallons in one rock basin. This was possibly at ?Dandy Crossing.? The rains had flooded the country, making the traveling hard for the animals, and the horses gave out. Wayne went to Bluff for help.

While the rest of the party waited, their horses strayed. It took everyone in camp to find them. Even Aunt Louisa left her babies alone in the wagon and joined the search. They found the animals, and after that they tied them. Wayne returned and brought with him a load of watermelons that gave them a good impression of Bluff, their destination.

I don?t know how long grandfather stayed in Bluff, but his presence there soon leaked out, and he had to be on the move again. He decided to come back to New Harmony. He would bring Della and Ellen back with him. At that time Della was about 18 and Ellen about 16. They drove the team, and if anyone passed them or overtook them they reported that they were alone. Grandfather kept out of sight. They had an extra saddle horse that they led ? for emergency, they said. One evening as they were preparing their evening meal at the campfire, the U.S. officers passed by. They hadn?t heard that grandfather was in that part of the country, and they didn?t recognize him. If he had tried to dodge or run they would have been suspicious, but he just stood there and looked them in the face and went on eating or whatever he was doing.

Wiff Pace wasn?t a relative, really, but he lived in Loa, which was on the way they came home, and he was the only person in that long trip who knew that grandfather was with the girls ? the only person grandfather felt he could trust.

They drove into Paragoonah one night after dark and went to Aunt Farozine?s. She was grandmother?s sister and the girls knew they could stay there. As they neared the place grandfather mounted the saddle horse and went on into the night to New Harmony. That close to home he could leave them to come on alone. They weren?t even to tell their own people that he came with them. They went in unannounced, as people did in those days. Aunt Farozine was glad to see them and gave them a hearty welcome. She asked who was with them. When they said they were alone, she was dumfounded. ?No! Not alone!? she cried. They assured her that they were really alone, and she hugged them and really cried. To think that Kizzie?s little girls were left alone to make that long, dangerous trip was more than she could realize. She cried and sobbed a long time, but they didn?t tell their secret, as it might get out that their father was home.

Grandfather was now home, but nobody knew it, nobody should know it. He didn?t dare spend a day or a night in the house. A neighbor child might even speak out of turn. He only dared be in the house when only his own children were there. He took a canvas and a bit of bedding to the hillside gulleys west of the farm and out of sight. He didn?t dare to stay in one place more than a night or two, fearful that somebody had spotted him during the day and might report him. He moved each night after dark. He had to be very careful of that, too. Rattlesnakes loved to curl themselves up in bedding. That seemed to be a common practice for them. And children loved to hike around the hills outside of town. He never felt safe.

Nelle S. Hatch writes:

But New Harmony is an old snake den. I?d go a little way and run onto a big snake. I?d jump and move away as scared as I could be. But I didn?t go far till I ran onto another, for there are so many there. I remember mama telling me how grandfather Redd used to have to sleep up on the old Pine Valley Mountain every night during the polygamy times to make sure the U.S. marshals never got him. He?d have to move his bed every night in the dark, for he never dared to strike a light. He?d shake it to be sure no snakes were in it.

Aunt Ellen writes:

The house of Lemuel Hardison Redd was one whose inmates suffered during these years of intensive persecution for polygamy; watching, hiding to evade the almost ever present spotters and deputies of the law, whose pleasure it was to hunt and to hurt men and women of higher mental and moral capacity than they themselves could boast. My father always felt that he would rather die than serve a prison term. So during this period of darkness, when evil was master, he seldom knew the feeling of safety. He spent some months in Mesa, Arizona, and in Bluff, San Juan County, as a relief from sleeping in the west canyons among rattlesnakes, mountain lions and other dangers. A white flag hoisted on the upper field gate was the sign to assure him that it was safe to come home for his breakfast.

In looking back over the pages of memory I often have been led to feel that his solitary seclusion in the mountains where poisonous reptiles and dangerous animals were many, with shelter and protection from storm so meager that a prison bed could not have been much more dreadful. For many years he was forced to sacrifice the safety of home and its comforts rather than be untrue to a principle he had accepted in full faith and believed to be a revealed truth.
Moving

Dodging became harder and more uncertain as time went on, and at last Lemuel Hardison Redd decided to move his second family to Bluff, feeling that the long, difficult miles would help to protect him. It didn?t take long, however, for the U.S. marshals to find their way there, and then things were as bad as before.

At last he heard that some were going to Mexico, taking their plural families there. With only one family in the United States he would be safe, and so that is what he decided to do. It was a long, hard trip to make, to even think of. There was no definite road and probably no maps. They just knew that it was south. As I remember it, some of the leaders of the church had gone or sent someone to scout out the way and to look into conditions there.

There were a lot of them to go ? nine children ranging from one year old to nineteen. They were weeks planning it and making all the preparations. They went in three loaded wagons. I guess nobody realized the difficulties who hasn?t been over the road or undertaken such an adventure. They were three weeks getting to Nutrioso, Arizona.

There was Wilson D. Pace, grandfather?s brother-in-law and former bishop of New Harmony. He was also in hiding. One of his families lived in Nutrioso, and it was a chance for a rest. ?Rest,? did I say? They bathed, washed and ironed their clothes and bedding. They shod their horses and fixed their wagons. Likely, they repacked them. I can guess that they did some baking, too, for the rest of the journey.

They arrived in Colonia Dublan in January 1892, after riding in those wagons or walking beside them for nine long weeks. There they found one log room. Together with tents and wagons, it filled their needs wonderfully.

Grandfather bought a fruit farm in Colonia Juarez and they moved there. Ancil was born there the next August, and while Aunt Louisa was yet sick they all had whooping cough.

Grandfather stayed with them until they were fairly well settled and at work. Then he returned to New Harmony after he had been away eighteen months. Bishop Wilson D. Pace had long since been released as bishop, and that let grandfather out of the bishopric there, but his son, William Alexander, was now the bishop of New Harmony, so all was well with them.

The year 1893 was a memorable year for them and for the church. Grandfather, grandmother, their daughter, Ellen, and their son, William, went up to Salt Lake City to the dedication of the temple. Their sons, Lem and Monroe, came from Bluff, and daughter Caroline came from Parowan. It was the first of what you would call a family reunion, for now the family was scattering. It has been scattering ever since.

Sometime about 1893 the chimney of the house in New Harmony fell down, and they couldn't live in that house any more. Anyway, it was too big for the few who were left there. It must have been a poorly built chimney in the first place, built by amateurs. Because the chimney fell down they couldn't stay in the house, so grandmother and her five single girls -- Della, Ellen, Luella, Vilo, and Alice -- came to live with us. I guess they had two beds in the parlor and two slept on the couch in the living room. Father and mother had a big bedroom that held two full sized beds and a little one. They didn't stay with us long, though, as the girls began to marry off. I only remember when there were three of the girls, and then only in the summer because they went away to school or to teach in the winter. They weren't a burden at all. Mother had lived with them in their home, and she had been willing to do her part there. They did the same in her home.

About the next summer, 1894, when I was three, father took his mother out to Panguitch to see her sister, Phoebe Sevy. When we got to Parowan, Uncle Jim Adams hitched up his wagon and they went along, too. I remember the hairpin turn in the road up the canyon on the way. I was standing in the wagon box at the back, watching the scenery as we went. We were going south in one place, and I saw Uncle James going north below us. Luella was standing in their wagon facing me. I called, "Ain't you going with us?"

She called back, "We are going to turn right up here," and pointed to the turn.

Then I could see how they could follow us. She sure laughed at my ignorance. She had been up there before and was two years older than I.

At Panguitch we went boat riding on the lake. Grandmother didn't want to go, so mother spread a big quilt on the ground under a cedar tree, and grandmother sat there and watched the baby, Fern, asleep by her side. Father picked me up in his arms and took me into the boat. He sat down and stood me between his knees with his arms around me under my arms. I put a hand on each of his knees. Uncle Jim picked up Ancil to bring him on board, but Ancil was afraid of the boat. He screamed and kicked so rebelliously that they set him on the quilt by grandmother.

I remember seeing grandmother sit by the fireplace with a shawl around her shoulders and her feet propped up, probably the beginning of her last sickness. She was sick for months and, at the last, in bed all the time. She died of cancer of the stomach, which is very painful, and at that time they didn't have the drugs to deaden the pain.

I also remember that Aunt Caroline came from Parowan and brought her baby, Josephine, for grandmother to see. They held her up for grandmother, and they all talked about what a beautiful baby she was. But I didn't think she even compared with our baby, Fern. I wondered why they didn't show off Fern to grandmother.

Also, I remember that they backed a buckboard up to the front porch and put her coffin in it. That's all I remember of grandmother.

After grandfather moved his second family to Mexico, he spent part of each year in each place, usually the winter in Mexico and the summer in New Harmony. That schedule was upset when grandmother was ill. It so happened that Aunt Louisa wanted him in Mexico that May, but he felt more the need of being in New Harmony. Hazel, Aunt Louisa's fourteenth child, was born the thirteenth of May 1895, and grandmother died the fifteenth of May 1895. When Aunt Louisa heard of grandmother's death, she did understand.

From then on, though, grandfather came home to New Harmony every summer anyway. I remember hearing some woman say that she wondered why until she once happened to be in the house when he came home and saw the royal welcome he received from the family.

For 25 years before her death, grandmother had been a counselor in the Relief Society. She was also a midwife. One of her main duties was to lay out the dead. They had no mortuaries, and when someone died in the community a committee had the responsibility of doing that job. They would wash the deceased and dress them for burial. Grandmother had done this for all those 25 years, and when she died there was no one in the ward who knew how to put on temple clothing for burial. She also had made all the temple robes.

Her son, William A. Redd, as bishop had to assume the responsibility. He rode horseback to Cedar City and telegraphed to St. George to President McAllister of the temple for definite instructions so he would be certain to do everything exactly right.

Aunt Alice wrote:

On receiving word of mother's illness and the doctor's report that her sickness was unto death, he (grandfather) came at once to her bedside. It was never safe to send money into Mexico, and dear Uncle George Sevy loaned him sufficient for the train ticket home.

When he reached Milford, the end of the train service, he came as far as Kanarra with an old friend on a load of freight, a slow and tiresome journey. In Kanarra he borrowed a horse and came horseback to New Harmony. I shall never forget the evening he arrived and walked in just at dusk, asking, "Is your mother alright?"

As I recall that tender meeting after a year's separation, tears fill my eyes and a sorrow that must be experienced to be explained fills my heart. They were so close and tender with each other and were really lovers all their lives. Mother lived just one week after his arrival. The evening of her passing father sat beside her, holding her hand, and she requested that her children who were there, six in number, sing "There Is Sweet Rest in Heaven." Vilo played the organ, Ellen sang alto, Luella and I soprano, and dear brother William bass. How she loved it: Her passing was just a few minutes after the hymn was finished. She had gone to that Sweet Rest in Heaven.

Brother Wayne gave a tribute: "Alice, do you know that you had the best mother in the world?" I feel there was never a more understanding woman lived than she. My own mother was a good woman but she didn't have the patience of your mother and I don't know what we children would have done if we hadn't been able to come to your mother for advice. Aunt Kizzie's life was an influence that has helped to make me a better man. It can truthfully be said that no harsh word was ever heard to fall from her lips.

The study of the scriptures was a part of her life -- she loved to read church history.

At grandmother's death there were six of her children present. Three of them were married. She had become so very ill that they knew the end was near, and they wanted to get Vilo and Caroline there from Parowan. It took such a long time. Grandmother wanted to hear Vilo sing. Della wanted very much to keep her alive until the two girls arrived so grandmother could hear Vilo. Della went into the other room and prayed for help. She was impressed to cook vegetables and give her mother enemas with the vegetable water to feed her. It worked. When they all assembled, Vilo stood by the bed and sang sweetly for her mother. At first, she thought she couldn't do it without breaking down, but they told her it was the last thing her mother wanted of her, so she did.

In 1897, fifty years after the year in which the pioneers entered the valley, they had a big pioneer jubilee in Salt Lake City, and grandfather went with his daughters, Vilo and Alice, his son, Lem, and Lem's wife, Eliza. His sons-in-law, James and Thomas Adams, met them there. Again in 1902 they had a real big family reunion of the first family. They were all there but Monroe and Luella. In addition, Aunt Louisa and Uncle Wayne joined them. This reunion lasted a week, and did they enjoy themselves! Especially, they all enjoyed their visit with Jane, who had been living in old Mexico since she left Mesa. She was in Mesa in 1890, and she hadn't been home since.

After the reunion, Jane came down to New Harmony with her baby, Porferio Dias -- 'P.D.' they called him -- and he has officially changed his name to Paul Duane.

The last trip that Brigham Young made to southern Utah the people made a big fuss over him and provided him with an escort. Grandfather was the captain over 22 men who escorted President Young from Bellview to Hamilton's Fort. Maybe there was a threat of Indian troubles and they wanted to make sure that he would be safe. Or possibly it was just an act of respect.

Grandfather was active in the church in Mexico, especially in the seventies quorum and then in the high priests quorum. He was first counselor to the stake president, A. F. McDonald, then to President Miles P. Romney, and then to President A. Thurber. He was ordained a patriarch on the ninth of March 1908, under the hands of Apostle John Henry Smith, George F. Richards, and Anthony W. Ivins. He died June 9, 1910, in Colonia Juarez and was buried there.

Grandmother died in 1895. That could have severed grandfather's connections with New Harmony, but it didn't. He liked to come back to his old home and to the few who remained there. He seemed to be restless all the time.

In 1908 when Aunt Louisa died, he was really restless and unhappy. His mind was not here; it seemed to be with his loved wives over there. He said he didn't want to live longer; he felt too lonely and forsaken. One day he fell down the stairs of his lovely home in Mexico and broke his leg. At the time, Bert was in Mexico City on a mission. They sent for him to come home. He did come, and he helped grandfather and the rest of them to take care of the situation. The doctor put a cast on his leg but he wouldn't have it. He kicked if off and he lay and suffered while it healed as best it could.

They took him to Mecia's, where he stayed until he could walk again, but he always limped thereafter. He rented his own home to his grandson, Lem Spilsbury, and later Burt sold it to Miles Romney. When he could get around okay he rented a little house of Nora Cowley's, near Mecia. There he lived until he died, and Hazel, 13, kept house for him.

He was so discontented and unhappy in Mexico that he made a trip to Utah again. He took Ancil and Hazel with him. He visited his daughter, Luella, in Parowan, but his daughter, Caroline, had by then passed on. While there, he gave patriarchal blessings to all his grandchildren. He didn't go back to New Harmony; he had no one there. William and his family had gone to Canada. He also visited his sons in San Juan, left Ancil there, and went back to Mexico with Hazel.

One day he was taking a bath, and while doing so he took violently ill. Hazel couldn't do anything to help him, so she went for Jane. George also came, and they did all they could. As he was so lonely and unhappy and didn't want to get better, they couldn?t do anything for him. He was sick about a week and died only about two years after Louisa had passed on.

He had built a grand home for Aunt Louisa, and she had been justly proud of it. It was a big, two-story, brick home with a nice wide porch and a white fence around it. She raised a beautiful flower garden, one of the nicest ones in the village. But when I went to Mexico years later, the Mexicans had ruined it. They had stripped all the wood off for making fires. This included all the roof, the floor, the studdings, the doors, the windows, etc. They had taken the pictures from the walls, leaving the framed photos scattered about. The place was a wreck.
The following obituary appeared in the Deseret News at the time of grandfather's death:

Lemuel Hardison Redd, who departed this life on June 9, 1910, at Colonia Juarez, Mexico, was born in Onslow County, North Carolina, 31 July 1836 making his age nearly 74 years. His father was John Hardison Redd and his mother Elizabeth Hancock. The family moved to Murfreesborough, Tenn., in 1838 and when he was six years old his parents embraced the gospel as restored through the Prophet Joseph Smith. In 1850 they crossed the plains. Lemuel being then fourteen years old drove an ox team from St. Joe, Mo., all the way to Salt Lake City. The following spring, 1851, the family located at Spanish Fork, Utah, being with a few other pioneers of that place. His father assisted in erecting the first saw mill south of Provo, Utah. What is known as the 'Walker Indian war' broke out in 1853 and the town and sawmill were destroyed, entailing a temporal loss of $6000.00 to this one family. Jan. 2, 1856, Lemuel was married to Keziah Jane Butler and to them 13 children were born, six sons and seven daughters. Shortly after their marriage they filled a mission call to Las Vegas, Nevada. Later he crossed the plains as a teamster to bring in the immigrating saints. In the spring of 1862 he and his wife and four children took part in the founding of New Harmony in response to a call from President Brigham Young to settle Dixie in Utah. He went on several expeditions in pursuit of marauding Indians and had engagements with them. He married Sariah Louisa Chamberlain in 1866, from which union there were fourteen children born.

He served in the bishopric of New Harmony for twenty years from the year 1871 and filled many other positions of trust with ability and fidelity. He took part in the settling of the town of Bluff, San Juan County, Utah, and later made a splendid home in Mexico.

His children received a liberal education in the best institutions of learning in Utah and in Mexico and are among the best teachers and business people where they live. He lived a life consistent with his profession as a Latter Day Saint. He was ordained a patriarch Mar. 18, 1908.

Miscellaneous Impressions

Following are some materials which have been collected from miscellaneous sources and which have some bearing on grandfather's life.

THE FARM HOUSE

0ld farmhouse rooted in the earth and trees
Bathed in the sunlight of old memories,
Hold yet a part of life in ecstasy,
That blends an essence of reality.
The eastern cliffs hold high vermilion fingers
To strain the tinted flames while twilight lingers.
Soft sunlight plays between the pasture bars,
In latticed hide-and-seek with milky stars.
I see through walls, transparent now as lace,
Grownups and children 'round the wide fireplace:
With outstretched arms they meet life's problems there,
And, unafraid, its joys and ills they share.
01d farmhouse, set in freedom's fertile soil,
You are a symbol of requited toil:
The love and beauty that young hearts fulfilled,
Knew unguessed harmonies that life distilled.

OLD HOME

Like far off lovely melodies, old home, you stand apart, Snug-wrapped in gentle memories that echo in my heart.

To the boys and girls, to the men and women who come after us, who have supped at the quiet fountain of these early and lovely memories of that village, I would entreat you to appreciate the modern advantages and luxuries of today's blessings and make the most of them. At the same time I would entreat you to appreciate your wonderful Mormon heritage, appreciate the constancy and devotion of your parents and grandparents who answered the call of their prophet and leader Brigham Young when this western colonization was new.

Appreciate their willingness to move out and out amid hardships and dangers to subdue the elements and to overcome difficulties, to settle this little garden spot. To a great extent, the benefits we enjoy today from our blessed heritage will be tempered by our own sympathy.

One writer has said: "We cannot think or act but the soul of someone who has passed before points the way, the dead never die."

Longfellow says: "When a great man dies, for years the light he leaves behind him lies on the path of men."

So let the light of your noble forebears light your path for bigger and better deeds as the years come.

John Hardison Redd and family moved several times during the pioneer years of our church. These moves were from North Carolina to Tennessee in 1838, from Tennessee to Spanish Fork, Utah, in 1850, and from Spanish Fork to New Harmony in 1862. Two sons and two daughters who lived to move from Spanish Fork to New Harmony have always been grateful to their Father in Heaven that these moves were made when and where they were made.

The family has really and sincerely thanked their Heavenly Father for so guiding their parents and themselves. They have felt that they were especially blessed thereby.

If their father, John Hardison Redd, had remained either in North Carolina or in Tennessee during the Civil War, his sons, Lemuel Hardison, John Holt, and Benjamin Jones would have been in the thick of the fight. And, if in Tennessee, maybe not all three of them would have been on the same side. They may even have been shooting at one another. Their father and mother didn't live to know of this condition during the Civil War, but the sons and daughters were well aware of it. That is why they appreciated that well-timed move.

This family of Utah in the early days loved and respected John D. Lee. They moved to New Harmony, where he lived, and settled there in 1862. Had their call come from Brigham Young a few years earlier, before the Mountain Meadow Massacre, chances are that they would have been involved in that affair. Here, too, they felt the guiding hand of the Lord had been stretched out to protect them from committing evil. Grandfather often expressed his thanks for these two blessings.

Thus, grandfather -- or "Pap" -- knew the blessings of answering a call from the prophet of the Lord. Once, his son, Lem, had just entered into partnership as a junior member with a very successful young man a few years older than he and worth much more than Lem in worldly goods. At about that time Lem received his call to go to the San Juan.

Lem said to his father, "I'll not go."

Pap asked, "Why not?"

Lem said, "I can't afford to go."

Pap said, "Lem, you can't afford not to go."

Lem described his very successful business partner and said that he, too, had received a call to go, but he wouldn't go because he felt he couldn't afford it. Lem said his partner was much richer than he was and that if the partner couldn't afford to go, then Lem most certainly couldn't afford it.

"Nevertheless," said Pap, "you can't afford not to go."

Lem went.

I was told that the partner, as successful as he had been, ultimately died a very poor man.

John Hardison Redd and Elizabeth Hancock

2011-05-03T10:04:00.001-06:00

John Hardison Redd and Elizabeth Hancock

John Hardison Redd was born of goodly parents; namely, Whitaker Redd [Jr.] and Elizabeth Hardison. He was born December 27, 1799, at Stump Sound, Onslow County, North Carolina. Stump Sound was a small arm of the ocean reaching inland between the mainland and a row of sandy islands along the coast. Another account places the location of birth in or near Sneads Ferry, North Carolina.

Whitaker Redd [Sr.] held land in Onslow County. At his death he left Hall's point Plantation to his son, Whitaker [Jr.]. I haven't found out the exact size of it. Later it was divided into six parts, one part for each of Whitaker Jr.'s children Mary, John H., William, Catherine, Nancy, and Alexander. The deed book mentions several of these parts. It was on this plantation that John H. was probably born and raised - in Snead's Ferry, Onslow County, North Carolina. The family as a whole seemed to have been prosperous and well to do. William [Whitaker Jr.'s brother] gave his oldest son, Kincy, who had moved to New Hanover County, 520 acres and a Negro man slave. But at that they didn't have anything we'd call a luxury.

I can find no reference to Stump Sound in the atlas or on today's map. The name has likely disappeared, and most likely was merely an area along the shore. One account, in the Juarez Stake records, says that John's son, Lemuel, was born near the courthouse. The courthouse now is in Jacksonville, between 15 and 20 miles inland, but at one time the courthouse was located much closer to the shore, so close, in fact, that it was washed away by a tidal wave.

From Wheeler's History of North Carolina, Onslow County:

"Johnston, once its capitol, was located in the southern part of the county, where court was held; but in September 1752 a most terrific hurricane swept away the court house, clerks office and dwelling houses; the records were all destroyed and the town was abandoned." (It seems too, that many other things happened that make it difficult to find much record.)

We know very little about John Hardison Redd as a child, but from the few things we do know we can do a bit of guessing. His father's first wife, Nancy Cary, died, leaving a daughter, Mary, born September 27, 1792. She was a lone little girl, perhaps the only white child in the home, reared and cared for by a Negro "mammy." Then her father married Elizabeth Hardison, and John Hardison Redd was born when Mary was seven years old.

Elizabeth died shortly thereafter, and both John and Mary were then cared for by the "mammy." But Mary was no longer lonely. She had a little brother, and I think she must have mothered him as no other baby was ever mothered by a sister. They were never separated long in their whole lives. From North Carolina they went to Tennessee, and from there to Utah. Both died in Spanish Fork.. A third mother came into the Redd home, and another sister was born April 30, 1804, when John was about five. The new sister had a mother, of course, so I don't think she "needed" John and Mary quite as much as they had needed each other. The two continued to be the best of "pals," despite the difference in their ages.

People living in a maritime locale become expert in boating, swimming, and fishing. Those early people undoubtedly ranged up and down the coast in boats and canoes. As long as I can remember there has been a tradition in the family that John Hardison Redd was a sea captain. When I was a child my father had John's sword and scabbard. I played with it many times; pulling the sword out and then putting it back in the scabbard. Aunt Ellen had his special colored glasses which he wore on the sea. They had hinged blue lenses which could be put in front of the eye or alongside the temple, as the need arose. Also, the bows could be lengthened or shortened. Finally, John D. Lee, who baptized John Redd into the church, confirms in his journal that John was a sea captain.
So John Hardison Redd was a sea captain. That must have been before he was 39, at which age he left the coast and moved inland. If he were expert enough to become a captain or master of a vessel, he must have started young. He may have owned his own vessel and captained that; many did. He may even have served as an apprentice on a vessel. Serving as an apprentice was the usual way of getting an education in any trade or profession in that day, as there were no schools to do the job.

There are legends that he traded in the Barbados. The Barbados, owned by the British and located off the coast of South America a little north and east of Trinidad, seems to have been a halfway station between England and America. This was probably because of prevailing winds and ocean currents. Even when Lord Baltimore sent his first two ships to Maryland, they stopped at the Barbados on the way, which is far off the course. It seems to have been the usual practice of that day. If John Redd did trade in the Barbados, he was indeed an expert sailor.

To become a captain in that day, he must have come up through the ranks. He probably started as a tot to learn the simple things about sailing, and then went on to the more intricate tasks. We read very little about their activities, but we do know from Onslow Court minutes, which are found in the archives at Raleigh, North Carolina, that John's grandfather, Whitaker Redd, owned a canoe at the time of his death, because his son, William, bought it from his father's estate on April 27, 1789. William also bought a lot of fish. The inventory was dated January 23, 1789.

I can imagine John Hardison Redd as a mere tot going out with his father or other members of the family deep-sea fishing, or boating, or maybe swimming. Swimming was imperative as a prerequisite of boating. At times their lives depended upon their ability to swim and swim well. It would have been foolhardy to go to sea in a small boat or canoe and not be able to swim if it should become necessary.

We can also take it for granted that John Hardison Redd was well versed in the "art and mystery of a planter," as the records of his day called him a planter. He owned a plantation and he had to know how to run it. In those days things were as primitive as they were in the Middle Ages; there were few inventions, few labor saving devices, no machinery, no short cuts. Everything about the house or plantation had to be done the hard way -- by hand. Cleve Redd, Joe Frank's father, told me when I was in Sneads Ferry in 1918 that they had to grub up small pine trees all the time out of their gardens; otherwise, the gardens would go back to a heavy pine forest in a few years. They were always grubbing and clearing just to break even and keep what they had. They took me out to an old Redd cemetery, which was no longer in use; headboards were all rotted away and gone. I saw only one stone piece. On the way we went over a "corduroy" road made of logs six or seven feet long laid side by side across the road. It was bumpy.

They said: "This is a road that Sigley Redd made with his slave labor before the (Civil) War. It ran from his plantation up to his sawmill. See how he ditched it to keep it dry."

A ditch ran along just under the ends of the logs on one side of the road. The ditch, clogged now with vegetation, had seepage water in it; the water was probably always there on account of the wet climate there at sea level.

Sigley was John Hardison Redd's cousin, some fourteen years older. He was the son of William, who was the brother of Whitaker. Apparently, John H. Redd's relatives knew how to build and use saw mills, and he undoubtedly had the same "know how." He also had much more "know how" about farming and building, most of which he passed on to his son, Lemuel H.

John was also a much better writer than most of the others of his time, and he may have had some private tutoring. His sister, Mary, couldn't even sign her own name. It wasn't essential for a girl to write; her business was to weave and sew and cook and do the other items of housekeeping for the comfort and happiness of her husband and children. That was her business; if she were proficient in those duties, she was a pillar of society.

Early Manhood in North Carolina

On October 17, 1820, John Hardison Redd bought 50 acres of land for $10.00 from William Hancock (North Carolina deed book 17, page 115). How near his family lived to the Hancocks, we don't know, but this was his future wife's brother. John H. was nearly 21, and it was just over six years before he was to marry William's sister, Elizabeth.

This is the first transaction of his of which I have a record. His father was still alive at the time, and it is possible that he was still living at home -- when they weren't at sea -- helping his father farm, along with his two younger brothers, William W., 11, and Alexander, 9. When he bought this land he may have decided not to go to sea any more but to be a planter instead. We also read: "For several years while in North Carolina he was in the mercantile business, where he was admired and respected by his friends and associates."

He married Elizabeth Hancock March 2, 1826. She was born January 25, 1798, and was the only living daughter of Zebedee Hancock and his wife, Abigail Taylor. She had two brothers, William and Anson Hancock. I guess she had always had a Negro maid to wait on her, and just five months before John H. Redd bought the land from her brother, her father had willed her a Negro maid for her very own, forever. This maid was named Venus, and she stayed with Elizabeth all the rest of her life, so that Elizabeth always had someone to wait on her, just like a princess or a queen. At the time of her marriage, Elizabeth's mother was dead and she had a stepmother. In his will, Zebedee had left four Negroes to this stepmother as a loan, but at her death Elizabeth was to get one-third of them. One of the Negroes was named Chaney, and Elizabeth got that one. From then on she had two maids to wait on her and do her hard work. Still, there was plenty to do to keep Elizabeth busy, as there were no labor-saving devices, and all the bedding, clothing, weaving, sewing, cooking, knitting, and so on for the family had to be done by hand in the home. At least, she had time for as much of that as she wanted to do. But just because the hard, dirty work was done by a maid didn't mean that Elizabeth was ever idle. That was never thought of for a lady, or even for a princess. Life would have been very boring with nothing to do. We know little of her activities, but we can assume that they were confined to the home, just as were those of all women of her day.

John H. Redd began as early as most to take his place in the community where he lived. His sister, Mary, married John Holt in November of 1814, and of course she left home. At that time he had four little brothers and sisters: Nancy, William, Alexander, and Catherine. Catherine was at the time just a tiny baby.

John's uncle, William, was older than his father, and he was much in the public eye. He is mentioned many times in the court minutes as buyer, seller, juror, guardian, etc. Whitaker's name does not appear often. Perhaps he had a dislike of spending his time in court, or maybe he was at sea much of the time, fishing. At one time he was even fined for nonattendance. He had been appointed to act as juror and didn't show up. John H. seemed to take after his father in this. He came to court only when it was necessary. Maybe he, too, spent time with his father on the sea. But William seems to have always been there to be appointed on committees and so forth. Also, he seems to have had a lot more private personal business than Whitaker had.

Some of the activities of John Hardison Redd as I find them in the court minutes at Raleigh were: He witnessed the will of Jeptha or Jephehah Cary on May 17, 1835. (I think Jeptha Cary was a close relative of his sister, Mary, as her mother's maiden name was Cary.) He was appointed by his sister, Mary, and her husband, John Holt, to be their attorney October 17, 1829, when her father, Whitaker, died. (Mary and John were living at that time in Rutherford County, Tennessee -- Deed book #18, page 132. His duty was to sell the land and other property she was to get from her father's estate.) John H. Redd was also attorney for Anson Hancock, his brother-in-law, who then lived in Gadsden County, Florida. (In this case he sold, among other things, a Negro slave, Elias, to Richard Collins for $400 on May 2, 1832.) On November 25, 1830, he sold the land of his sister, Mary, who at that time lived in the state of Alabama. (It seems that Mary and John were having difficulty making up their minds about a new settling place.) John Redd was appointed on a commission to help divide the land of Alice Dulany, deceased, among her heirs. These heirs included Seth Ward and Benjamin Ward, heirs of Eli W. Ward.

John H. Redd and Elizabeth sold 75 and 50 acres, which she had received, from Zebedee Hancock to Daniel Harper for $250. One thing different about that transaction was that Elizabeth signed the deed. Few women of that day could sign their names. Despite the signature, Daniel Harper was a bit skeptical about the deed. He thought that maybe John H. was doing it all on his own account, without her free consent. According to law, no man could sell his wife's property without her free consent if she had received the property by inheritance or as a dower. Harper questioned the transaction in court. Elizabeth was too infirm to travel to the court, so the court commanded that two representatives go to her alone and apart from her husband and get her consent. They brought back to the court the following document:

In obedience to a commission to us directed from the county court of this county at the August term 1832, we have proceeded to take the private examination of Elizabeth Redd, wife of John H. Redd, at the home of said Redd respecting her signing a deed with her husband to Daniel Harper and upon her being examined separate and apart from her said husband and privately touching the execution thereof by her and there upon she acknowledged that she did execute the foregoing deed freely voluntarily and without the control or compulsion of her husband. Given under our hand and seal this August 12, 1832 -

/s/Edward Ward & D. W. Simmons

This Edward Ward must have been closely related to Elizabeth, as her grandmother was Sarah Ward, the mother of Zebedee Hancock, and Elizabeth had named her first baby Edward Ward Redd. It is possible he was named after this same Edward Ward.

I mentioned the first transaction with William Hancock. As years went on John H. Redd bought other property. He received 400 acres from his grandfather, John Hardison. I don't know the time. On November 25, 1830, he bought 300 acres from George Hazzard for $1,005 (Deed book #19, page 111). He bought 200 acres and 75 acres and 50 acres from Thomas Hazzard for $150 on August 11, 1833.

John H. Redd sold 200 acres for $100 on May 20, 1829. This was half the land that fell to John H. Redd from John Hardison by heirship (Deed book #21, page 394). He sold his own right in his father's land to John Wilkins for $110 on December 11, 1832. He sold 145 acres to Edward Ward for $14 in July of 1832.

The last sale by John H. Redd of which I have record in North Carolina was August 11, 1838. Grandfather was about two years old at the time, and they were getting ready to leave for Tennessee. At that time he sold a plantation of 300 acres called "The Bluff" and three other tracts of 200 and 75 and 50 acres, respectively. This was his sell out to go to Tennessee. He received $1650 for the lot from John Lloyd (Deed book #23, page 44).

By that time his sister, Mary, was back in Rutherford County, Tennessee, and that is where John headed.

Life in Tennessee

John Hardison Redd bought a plantation about 15 or 20 miles from Murphriesborough, Rutherford County, Tennessee. The deed is as follows (and see page 189):

No. 357
Sarah Beasley
to deed 110 acres
John H. Redd

I Sarah Beasley have this day bargained sold and do hereby transfer and convey to John H. Redd his heirs and assigns forever for the consideration of the sum of seven hundred and eighty dollars to me paid a tract of land in the state of Tennessee, Rutherford County and district No. 8 containing by estimation one hundred and ten acres be the same more or less and bounded as follows viz. laying on the headwaters of Stewart's Creek beginning at a stake in the branch on Thomas Wray's North Boundry thence West one hundred and twenty one poles to a stake then South twenty poles to a black ash on the East side of sugar knob thence West eighty eight and one third poles to a stake in Robert Layn's line; thence North with said line to a sasfras the said Layn's corner; thence East with said line to a black oak in John J. Beasley's South East corner at the branch; thence South with said branch to the beginning: To have and to hold the same with all the priviledges thereunto belonging unto the said John H. Redd his heirs and assigns forever; I do covenant with the said John H. Redd that I am Lawfully seized of the land have a good right to convey it and the same is unincumbered; I do further covenant and bind myself my heirs and representatives to warrant and forever defend the title to the said land and every part thereof to the said John H. Redd his heirs and assigns against the lawful claims of all persons whatever this December 5th A. D. 1838.

/s/Sarah Beasley (Seal)

Executed and delivered in our presence the day and date above written
Test
/s/John Holt
/s/John Brockman

State of Tennessee
Rutherford County

Personally appeared before me Robert S. Morris Clerk of the county court of said county John Holt and John Brockman subscribing witnesses to the within deed who being first sworn depose and say they are acquainted with the within named Sarah Beasley the bargainores and that she acknowledged the same in their presence to be her act and deed upon the day it bears date.

Witness my hand at office this 8th day of February 1841 Registered February 8th 1841
Robert S. Morris, Clerk

John H. Redd sold his land in Onslow County, North Carolina, August 11, 1838, and bought his first land in Rutherford County, Tennessee, December 5, 1838. After he sold his land in North Carolina, he completed his preparations for the move west. These preparations may have consisted of obtaining wagons, oxen, yokes, horses, saddles, harnesses, barrels for water, and perhaps a hundred other things I wouldn't know about. They would probably take all they had and maybe even procure more in preparation for the settling in process. They had five children, aged eight, six, four, two, and a tiny baby. According to the census of 1850, they also had at least four Negro children, maybe more. It's possible that they had started months or even years before to get ready for the move. They must have had a regular caravan going to Tennessee. I'm sure they took all they had -- cattle, chickens, teams, wagons, farming equipment, seeds, furniture, stock, slaves, clothing, and provisions for all of the family. If they wanted it for use in Tennessee, they had to take it with them; there were no stores or markets of any kind out in that far western frontier.

Despite the fact that they traveled by ox team and took all their possessions with them, they made pretty good time. If the road were straight, it would have been nearly 600 miles, but because it wound around quite a bit, it was probably many miles farther. Perhaps there was not much of a road at all. When Fern and I went down there in 1957, we made good time across the prairie, but from Kentucky across North Carolina the road was terribly crooked and slow traveling. I'll bet they had to chop a trail part of the way so they could get along. Little pines and other vegetation would be growing all the time, and it would have to be cleared away.

Once they arrived in Tennessee, it may have taken a bit of time to find a piece of land and arrange for its purchase. That would explain the four months, which elapsed between selling out in North Carolina and buying land in Tennessee.

John Hardison Redd also bought other tracts as follows:

Deed book Y, page 287 -- John Beasley to John H. Redd;
186 acres, 8th district, $904; November 8, 1839.

Deed book Y, page 403 -- John Ryan to John H. Redd, et al;
Public School, 8th district; July 13, 1840. (Mr. John H.
Redd was a commissioner, so he was eligible to buy
land for the school.)

Trust Deed book 1, page 239 -- William Beach to John H. Redd; 55.5 acres, 8th district; May 10, 1845.

Deed book 2, page 82 -- William Beech to John H. Redd; No district listed (no price); January 4, 1845.

Deed book 4, page 449 -- A. U. Hicklin to John H. Redd; 30 acres, 8th district, $35; October 11, 1849.

This list of deeds was sent by Homer Jones, registrar, Murphriesborough, Tennessee, November 2, 1966. District number 8 is or was in the extreme southwest corner of Rutherford County, which was divided into about 25 districts, each district being about five miles across. Rutherford County is very close to the center of the State of Tennessee. John H. Redd would be about 15 or 20 miles from Murfriesboro.

He lived there for about 12 years and built a home and farmed the place. It was there in 1843 that something happened that changed their whole lives. We have never known much about the incident (at least, I hadn't), but not long ago I found a good account of it in the missionary journal of John D. Lee, who baptized John Redd and his family into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. A copy of the journal is in the Huntington Library near Los Angeles, and John D. Lee's granddaughter, Mozelle Bickley, has the original. I consulted both.
[Lila VanDenBerghe spoke with Ida Bickley, daughter-in-law to Moszelle, in 1998 who informed her that the diary in Moszell's possession consisting of 3 separte books have subsequently been turned over to the Church.]

The following are from entries made in 1843:

May 16 - We then returned in company with Mr. Nochols to fill an appointment at the house of Br. Pace's. But in consequence of the day being so rainy & disagreeable, but few persons turned out, however I preached to them. Among the number that composed the audience was 2 gentlemen who had rode 17 miles to hear a mormon preach (viz) Mr. John H. Redd and John Hoalts. After meeting Mr. Red bought some books of me & requested me to visit his neighborhood & lecture to them. Accordingly I sent an appointment by them for the Sunday.

May 20 - Now being left alone I determined to continue my labors to as small a compass as would enable me to do the cause justice. Casting myself upon the pure mercies of God I again pursued my way being conveyed over Stone's river on horseback. I felt much relieved & expressed my gratitude to my kind benefactors for the favor shown me. Directly after I crossed this stream Mr. John H. Redd rode up & kindly offered to carry my valise also to ride and tie with me. I cheerfully excepted his proposals & went to his home & spent the night.

May 21 - Monday morning after breakfast I walked over to Mr. Redd's in company with several others & before I left I exhorted them to Obedience to the Mandates of Heaven.

June 6 - I assisted to make a dam across a stream in order to prepare or collect sufficient quantity of water to baptise & at 2 oclock I baptised John Holt & Mary his wife. ("Sister Holt but a short time before was conveyed in a carriage to the water, her health being so much impaired as to prevent her from walking a few rods, was immediately relieved of her illness." Juanita Brooks in, John D. Lee, p. 52.) Returned to his house and confirmed & under same administration ordained him an Elder for thus I was commanded in a vision to do.- at the same time 3 more acknowledged the truth and offered themselves for baptism. I walked to Mr. Redd spent the evening reasoning with them.

June 7 - in the morning before I left them Mrs Redd gave me her hand as a token of her sincerity in the cause of truth, But was not prepared to be Immersed at that time.

June 14 - Went to Br Pace's took breakfast. Then baptised the following persons & confirmed them by the waterside Wilson D Pace & Harvey A Pace.

June 15 - Spent the night with Mr. Redd.

June 17 - At 8 a.m. we repaired to first conveniens & after Making such remarks as was necessary to preceed the ordinance of baptism I administered or Inducted the following persons into the Kingdom or church milotant on earth. John H. Redd a sea captain, Elizabeth Redd, Venice & Chinea 2 servants belonging to Mr J Redd.

The confirmation was attended at the house of Mr. Redd. A considerable portion of the spirit of the Most High was present & manifested itself on this occasion.

From thence we repaired to the Mormon stand where two short discourses were delivered, the first by Elder Holt which was interesting indeed although it was the first attempt made by him since his ordination or call to the ministry. I followed with such observations as was appropriate under existing circumstances. Closed the meeting promising to meet them at eleven the following morning.

June 19 - I spent the day at Br Redd's & posted up my journal. Br Redd & sister Holt between gave me a pair of drawers worth 50 [cents].

June 28 - Rode to Br Redds- took dinner

June 29 - I attended a reaping made by Br Redd & assisted him in cutting and saving his wheat.

July 17 - I remained at Br Redd's. Occupied the time in reading and writing also instructing such as came with inquiring minds.

Aug 6, Sunday - At 4 PM I called the members together. Partook of the Lord's supper and organized them into a branch and called it the Friendship branch of Rutherford- set apart & ordained the following officers- Bro John Holt an Elder- Wm Holt lesser priest - Bro John H. Redd Teacher & Clerk. I also taught them their several duties- The spirit of the Lord was with us & we had quite a pleasant time- From thence I walked to Mr Thomas in company with Bro Redd and Mr Hath-

The above was copied just as John D. Lee wrote it. You will notice that he referred to John Redd as Mr. Redd until he was baptized; then he was Brother Redd.

Young William Holt, John and Mary's son, had joined the church a year before. I have often wondered why John Hardison Redd and John Holt were so anxious to ride 17 miles in the rain to hear a Mormon preach. Now I know. This boy, William, no doubt was a valiant member and bore a strong testimony of the gospel to his family, and so his father and his uncle decided to look into it for themselves, and we know the result of his missionary efforts. We have always given John D. Lee all the credit for their conversion, but someone else, William Holt, may have done some of it. He at least filled them with curiosity so they went to hear about and investigate the gospel. John Hardison Redd was at that time a heavy user of tobacco. After his conversion he gave up his habit and did without it.

When the church moved west, John H. Redd of course considered going west, too. He made at least two preparatory trips, one to Nauvoo and the other to Winter and Summer Quarters. The trip to Nauvoo was made in the spring. We know this because John and Elizabeth each had their patriarchal blessings during the trip at the hands of Hyrum Smith on April 3, 1844. John and Mary Holt also had their blessings that same day. They likely all went to Nauvoo in one wagon.
When I was in North Carolina in 1918 I couldn't find any vital statistics of the Redd family in the court records of Onslow County, so I asked some of the old timers there about church records, thinking that they might give me a bit of information.

"Where did they go to church?" I asked.

"Church! Church!" I was told. "None of the Redds ever went to church."

It is surprising how quickly they accepted the gospel of Jesus Christ when they had never been churchgoers before. It may have been with them like it was with some of our other relatives down there. When Fern and I were in Raleigh going through the court minutes of Onslow County in August of 1957, we found a statement in the minute book.. No date was attached, but minutes before and after were dated 1772, just when the tension was growing between England and her colonies. This seemed to be a good chance to "dig" the mother country, but the statement I refer to was concerned with religion. It read: "I, A.B., doe not believe there is any transubstantiation in the sacrament of the Lord's Supper or the elements of the bread and wine at or after the consecration thereof by any Person Whatsoever." The statement was signed by 17 persons who were members of the court, including Seth Ward and Richard Ward, who were justices at the time.

I also read at one time a statement in a history of North Carolina, which said that many of the inhabitants of North Carolina were "Nothingarians" as far as religion was concerned. Thus, in his childhood John Hardison Redd may not have been a churchgoer, but he was brought up to be an honest, upright man, and when he heard the truth he accepted it wholly and lived it.

Early in July of 1847 John H. Redd again visited the headquarters of the church, according to John D. Lee in his journal. I found a copy in the public library in Brigham City, Utah. The entries are from 1847 (pages 184 and 185):

July 1 -- About six P.M. Bro. John H. Redd and Isham Gilliam both Rutherford Co. Tenn. Men arrived in camp. (A note at the bottom of the page says: "John H. Redd an old sea captain formerly from South Carolina had protected Lee when the Mormon missionaries in Rutherford Co. Tenn. had been attacked by a mob. He later became converted and the prefix 'Bro.' indicates he was a Mormon at this time.")

July 4 -- Left Bro. John H. Redd considerably difficulted in his mind with reference to moving west. After meeting, Bro. Redd, I. Gilliam and Caroline and several others dined with J. D. Lee. (A note at the bottom of the page reads: "John H. Redd later emigrated and founded the Redd family of southeastern Utah.")

July 5 -- Clear, wind S.W. About 8 -- Gilliam, sister Caroline (Gilliam's wife) and J. H. Redd started for Tennessee, their Native land.

Upon returning to Tennessee, John began making preparations to move west. In fact, he had already begun, for he had sold a tract of land before that time. His sales are listed as follows:

Deed book 2, page 262 -- John H. Redd to Mr. W. Haynes; 60 acres, 8th district, $300; September 4, 1845. (This was sold before he went to Winter Quarters.)

Deed book 3, page 387 -- John H. Redd to Louis Childs; 30 acres, 8th district, $250; October 9, 1847.

Deed book 4, page 322 -- John Redd to Nathan A. Boyd; 44 acres, 8th district, $87.50; August 31, 1849.

Deed book 4, page 455 -- John H. Redd to Mr. W. Haines;- 19 acres, 8th district, $87.50; August 31, 1849.

Deed book 4, page 321 -- John Redd to James Anderson; 150 acres, 8th district, $932; January 4, 1850. (This was just before he left Tennessee.)

The above is the last sale listed, and while the total does not add up to as many acres as John Redd had purchased earlier, one of the deed books has been missing since the Civil War, so more transactions may have been recorded there.

Miles P. Murphy, Clerk of Rutherford County, Tennessee, returned a list of taxable property in district 8 for the year 1849, stating:

John H. Redd -- 175 acres valued at $1250.00 tax 1.44; 4 slaves valued at 1600.00 tax 1.84; other property at 915.00 tax 1.04; polls 1 tax .15; state tax 4.47 and state and county tax 7.45.

Being that he paid taxes on only four slaves would indicate that he had already freed some of them. I guess the freeing of most of the slaves devolved on his wife, Elizabeth, because all six who came to Utah with the Redds belonged to Elizabeth, not to John. He had apparently also disposed of some real property by the time the above taxes were assessed.

The Redds were at last ready to make the trip west. The Paces were neighbors there in Tennessee, and they came to Utah together. James Pace was the captain of the company with which the Redds traveled, but Ann Mariah and Ann Elizabeth Redd, John's daughters, didn't travel in the same company as the Pace boys, their future husbands. The two Pace boys did not cross the plains with their parents; they went south with the Mormon Battalion.

They Go West

James Pace was captain over the fourth company to cross the plains in 1850. Under him were Richard Sessions, captain of the first fifty wagons, and John Hardison Redd was in this first fifty. The second fifty were under captain David Bennett. The Church Emigration Record of 1850 says that Captain Pace's company was organized early in June, and the company, with one hundred wagons, was in the vicinity of Council Grove on June 7th, according to a report published in the "Frontier Guardian" of that date.

On June 28th they were at a point about 50 miles west of Fort Kearney. There the company met a band of Latter-day Saint missionaries traveling eastward. There had been some sickness in the camp, and most of the companies had lost some of their number with the cholera. John Hardison Redd and his son, Lemuel, both contracted the disease, but they were both fortunate enough to recover.

The Church Emigration Record says that "the actual date of the arrival of Captain Pace's company in Salt Lake City has not been found, but estimating from data for other companies on the road, it is thought that Captain Pace's company arrived about September 20, 1850."

John Hardison Redd kept a daily journal of their travels. He kept it in a little notebook he had made himself out of long sheets of paper, which he folded and sewed together with a sort of twine, probably homemade, along the fold. In the years since then the outside sheets have been lost, so the beginning and the end of the record is gone, and we don't know exactly when they left or when they arrived. However, we do have some interesting details of the trip as he told them. At that time, the saints were starting their journeys from St. Joseph, Missouri. Family members have reported this, and it is likely that the Redds started from that place. John H. Redd's account is strictly impersonal; he doesn't mention one of his own family at any point. It is merely a "minute" of their travels, but it does give us a clear picture of traveling conditions at that time, of the weather, and of obstacles they encountered while crossing.

(I read this journal to Dr. Mason Redd, of the University of Utah, and he made some significant comments about it. He said we could call it a "Seaman's Log" or a "Captain's Prairie Schooner Log." John H. Redd used navy terms, such as "the weather was squally," a typical seaman's expression. He also often gave the direction of the wind, a fact of not much interest to land people but very important on the sea if they were to know how to adjust their sails.)

The Daily Journal

Tuesday morning, June 18th. Fine weather with the wind still to the south. We are encamped on the west side of the Weeping Water and capt. Bennett with the second 50 encamped on the opposite bank. We have accts of one death more amongst them, viz, Perry Kees. Their health seems a little improving this morning. We are still blessed with tolerable health in our camp.

Wednesday morning, June 19th. We had quite a rain last night and this morning it looks quite rainy. We are encamped on Salt Creek. Capt. Bennett's company passed us this morning in travelling condition under animating hopes of the cholera subsiding amongst them.

Thursday morning, June 20th. A prospect of good weather this morning. Capt. Bennett's company is still in advance of us about three miles and this is according to the wish of Capt. Pace as he wishes to strictly attend both companies. We fell in with two emigrating wagons yesterday who wish to be admitted into our camp, and they had the appearance of friendly civil men, who seemed willing to do their part in herding or guarding. Capt. Sessions proposed to the camps that if it was consistent with their wishes that he would have no objection and I believe it met the approbation of the camps so they were admitted in. Their names were as follows, viz = Syrus Collins who represented six persons, one wagon and five horses and the other by the name of I. W. Sands who represented 2 persons, 1 wagon and three horses.

Friday morning, June 21st. Fine weather this morning and our camps in tolerable health and condition. We passed Capt. Bennett's company yesterday about 1 o'clock. We suppose them at this time to be in our rear about 5 mi.

Saturday morning, June 22nd. Fine weather and tolerable health in our camps except Brother William Middleton who is sick this morning. We are camped near the Oak Grove and suppose Capt. Bennett to be still in our rear about 5 mi.

Sunday morning, June the 23rd. Quite cloudy this morning and likely for rain. We had a little rain last evening about the time we came into the bottom. We are camped near the lone cottonwood in the Platt Bottom and in sight of Capt. Evanses company who is in advance of us. Capt Bennett's company is still in the rear. Our camps are still blessed with tolerable health.

Monday morning, June 24th. We had it quite showery yesterday and very warm, consequently our road was very heavy as we were amongst sloughs. We have nothing of interest.

Tuesday morning, June 25th. We are camped on the south bank of the Platt River where we have plenty of wood and water. We anticipate to rest today and do some washing and wait for the arrival of Capt Bennett's company. We still have it warm and showery. Our camps still blessed with tolerable health.

Wednesday morning, June 26th. We had quite a rain last night. We have the wind to the north west this morning and a prospect of better weather. Capt. Bennett's camps (the 2nd 50) arrived yesterday and are encamped near us. All seem to be in tolerable spirits. The camps were called together this morning to establish rules and regulations for safety, progress and welfare of the camps. Capt. Pace and Capt. Sessions very appropriately addressed the camps and it seemed to meet with the good feelings and unanimously agreed to said rules and regulations. I have this morning read a correct statement of the deaths which have occured in Capt. Bennet's company which I will herein insert, viz, Luther Warner who died the 13th of June, Margaret Daney wife of Charles R. Daney June 14th, Harriet Dilley wife of D. B. Dilley June 14th, Ambrose Nichols June 14th, John Smith June 16th, Amanda Herrick June 16th, and Perry Kier June 17th. All supposed to die of cholera and east of the Weeping Water. Capt. Bennett's company have lost two horses supposed to be stolen by Indians. We have sent a letter back this morning to Kanesville addressed to Elder O. Hide.

Thursday morning, June 27th. We are still on the Platt Bottom. A prospect of fine weather this morning with a light breeze of wind to the north. Our camps are at this time enjoying tolerable health.

Friday morning, June the 28th. We had a little rain last night but a prospect of good weather this morning. We have tolerable health with the exception of Sister Oliver who is quite sick at this time.

Saturday morning, June the 29th. It looks quite squally this morning after a very heavy rain last night. We passed Capt. Evans company yesterday. They have lost some three or four of their number with cholera. They passed us last night and are in advance of us a 1/2 mile encamped. We met the mail from Salt Lake Valley yesterday about 10 o'clock. Supposed to be about 60 miles below Fort Carney. Capt. Bennett is still in our rear about 15 miles and news has come in this morning that they have lost 4 more of their number with cholera. Our two emigrating wagons (Mr. Collins and Mrs. Sands) left us this morning by common consent as we expected this day to lay by and they wished to make better progress in travelling.

Sunday morning, June 30th. We have prospects of good weather at this time though we had quite a storm of wind and rain last night. We lay be yesterday in hopes that the 2nd 50 would come up but they have not, as yet. We still have some complaints of sickness in our camps.

Monday morning, July 1st. Quite cool this morning with the wind to northwest. We had very heavy mud yesterday through the willows, sloughs, and swamps but we are safe over this morning. We still have some complaints of sickness in our camps. Capt. Pace has returned back this morning to visit his 2nd 50 (Capt. Bennett's company).

Tuesday morning, July 2nd. Fine weather this morning. We are encamped 10 miles east of Fort Carney. Capt. Pace returned into camp last night with intelligence that Capt. Bennett's company was moving on cheerfully about 12 miles in the rear with no other misfortune than the breaking of two axletrees. We had the misfortune to lose one of our number yesterday morning. A young girl about 3 years of age, the daughter of brother Henry Wilcox, name Elmira Charlotte.

Wednesday morning, July 3rd. Fine weather this morning. We camped about 3 miles west of Fort Carney where we buried Brother Henry Wilcox who died yesterday. Brother Wilcox was about 37 years of age supposed to die of cholera. There was a meeting called this morning by Capt. Pace and Capt. Sessions as it had been suggested that we should travel in smaller companies to promote the health and welfare of the companies. To this they agreed admitting it should be the unanimous wish of the camps or any number of tens so that they may travel in safety but not that any ten should be broken, but on taking the vote we found but very few in favor of dividing as they thought it could not benefit the camps in the least and no one ten unanimous. Therefore it was agreed to and decided that there should be no division but before the camp was ready to move in order John Cazier, Capt. of the 2nd ten, drove out and was followed by 2 wagons out of his own ten represented by Breed Sierls and two more out of the first ten (Capt. John Session's camp 10), one represented by Peter Wimmer and the other by Andrew Goodwin and was heard to exclaim 'We are for Salt Lake Valley' and drove on independent and contrary to rules, order or authority. We have wrote and sent on our first letter to the Salt Lake Valley addressed to president Brigham Young bearing date the 2nd of July 1850. Brother William Middleton was appointed Capt. over the third ten in the place of brother Henry Wilcox.

Thursday morning, July 4th. Fine weather but quite warm. There is some complaint of sickness in our camps this morning.

Friday morning, July 5th. Good weather and consequently we have better roads. Our camps seem a little better in health this morning for which we feel very thankful to our Heavenly Father for his mercies.

Saturday morning, the 6th. Fine weather, there seems to be some complaint. Brother Edward E. Wilcox is very sick this morning.

Sunday morning, July the 7th. Fine weather this morning with the wind to the south. We are encamped on the bank of the Platt. We have had the misfortune to loose another of our number with cholera. Bro. Edward E. Wilcox died yesterday and we have buried him at this place some fifty or sixty miles east of the south fork of the Platt. The name through mistake on his headboard is marked Edward H. instead of Edward E. Brother Breed Searls who went off with John Cazier has returned with his two wagons and states that he had no intention of leaving or forsaking the camp. As such they have been received into their place.

Monday morning, July 8th. A little cloudy and cool and fine weather for traveling. We lay by yesterday in hopes that Capt Bennett's company would come up but they have not as yet arrived. We still have some complaints of sickness in our camp.

Tuesday morning, July the 9th. We have good weather this morning though we had quite a rain last evening. There is still some complaints amongst our people and mostly bowel (trouble) complaints.

Wednesday morning, July 10th. Fine weather this morning with the wind to the east. We had quite a wind from the north last evening and but little rain. It is quite cool this morning and fine weather for traveling. There remains some complaints.

Thursday morning, July 11th. We had a storm of wind and rain last night from various points. Commencing at the north the wind is to the south west and a little likely for rain this morning. We passed the fork of the south and west prongs of the Platt yesterday. We seem through the blessings of Divine providence to meet with no material misfortune and our health a little improving for which we feel thankful to our Father in Heaven.

Friday morning, July 12th. We have it quite foggy and a little misty this morning. We are camped at or near the lower crossing of the south fork of the Platt. The health of our camps seems a little improving.

Saturday morning, July 13th. Fine pleasant weather this morning for traveling and we have had good roads for several days except a little sand yesterday. The health is still better and our condition first rate with the exception of some lame cattle.

Sunday morning, July the 14th. Quite cool and cloudy this morning and the health of our camps very much improving. Capt. Bennett's company is still in our rear about five or six miles. The government train passed us this morning and we are encamped about 25 miles below the upper crossing of the south fork of the Platt.

Monday morning, July 15th. Cool and pleasant weather this morning and our camps in tolerable health and condition. We lay by yesterday being the sabath and in hopes of the arrival of Capt. Bennett's company. But they were laying by at the same time. We learn that they have lost one more of their number.

Tuesday morning, July 16th. Beautiful weather this morning and our camps enjoying tolerable health except a child of sister Catherine Webbs who is quite sick at this time. We are encamped 7 miles below where we anticipate the south fork of the Platt. Capt. Bennett's camp is still in our rear.

Wednesday morning, July 17th. This is a beautiful morning with the wind to the east. We are this morning through the blessings of Divine Providence all safe on the north bank of the Platt. We had quite a pleasant time for crossing yesterday. The government train also got safe over last evening and are encamped near us. Capt. Bennett's with the 2nd 50 also drove up last evening and are ready this morning for crossing. Sister Webb lost her little (girl) last night. She died with the canker and whooping cough, and is buried at this place. Her name is Phoebe Arabella Webb. She was about 3 years old.

Thursday morning, July 18th. We are this morning in Ash Hollow. Fine weather but very warm. We have nothing of interest more than our camps are through the blessings of Heaven enjoying tolerable health. We have received some intelligence from Capt. Bennett's camps by Capt. Pace who continued at the river yesterday morning to see Capt. Bennett. They were in good condition and crossing.

Friday morning, July 19th. The weather still continues good. We have had some very heavy sand since we crossed the river. Our camps are enjoying tolerable health this morning through the mercies of God. There was 3 persons baptized by brother William Midleton, viz. sister Catherine Webb, for her health, sister Martha Wilcox for her health and remission of sins and sister Webb's daughter Lydia for remission of sins.

Saturday morning, July 20th. Somewhat cool and cloudy this morning after some little thunder and lightning last night. We are this morning a little in advance of the government train and Capt. Evans company. Our camps are enjoying tolerable health and we are blessed with little or no misfortunes. There was a meeting called yesterday at noon to see who wished to divide and upon what principles as there seemed to be some 2 or 3 of our number who wished to travel faster but on an investigation there were so few found that was willing to divide that a division could not be affected. Capt. Sessions spoke very lengthy and very much to the purpose of evil consequences that might result from dividing spirits and those inclined to lead off also from excessive driving of lame cattle.

Sunday morning, July 21st. We are encamped on the south bank of the west fork of the Platt opposite a pine grove on our left. The government train and Capt. Evans company passed us last evening. Elder Hide passed us yesterday about 10 o'clock on his way to the Great Salt Lake Valley. We had a fine rain last evening but it is quite clear and pleasant this morning.

Monday morning, the 22nd. We are still encamped at the same place but mustering up this morning for a few days travel. We lay by yesterday for the purpose of resting our teams and to do some washing. We have fine pleasant weather this morning and our company enjoying good health for which we feel thankful to our Heavenly Father for his blessings.

Tuesday morning, July the 23rd. Fine weather this morning and our camp's in tolerable condition for traveling and enjoying a reasonable share of health through the blessings of divine Providence.

Wednesday morning, July the 24th. Fine pleasant weather this morning with the wind to the north. We are encamped on the south bank of the Platt about five miles east of the chimney rock and about 75 miles east of fort Laramie. We have received intelligence from Capt. Bennett's company by Samuel Johnston. He states that they are still in good condition and are traveling on. He also states that they have lost in all 14 of their number and most of cholera.

Thursday morning, July 25th. We are still encamped at the same place. We lay by yesterday it being the 24th of July to celebrate the day in commemoration of the entering of the pioneers that day three years ago into the valley of the great Salt Lake. Our opportunities of celebrating the day was very limited on this almost barren prairie but we rested our teams as we thought it a righteous act and was well entertained in the evening by an interesting discourse both from Capt. Pace and Capt. Sessions, admonishing the brethern to faithfulness in the discharge of their several duties. The brethren all seemed to meet and part with good feelings. We have fine weather but warm in the afternoon. We are enjoying good health through the blessings of Divine Providence.

Friday morning, July 26th. We are encamped this morning about 5 miles west of the Chimney Rock. We still have fine pleasant weather and our camp's in tolerable health and condition.

Saturday morning, July the 27th. We are encamped this morning at Scott's Hills or the trading post where we leave the river for about 25 miles travel. We had it quite squally last evening but very little rain. It is very cloudy this morning and likely for rain. Our health continues tolerable good.

Sunday morning, July 28th. We are again encamped on the Platt Bottom. We had it rainy the most of the day yesterday and quite cool and rainy this Morning. We are about 40 miles below fort Laramie.

Monday morning, July the 29th. We had a little rain yesterday but quite cool and pleasant this morning. We lay by yesterday it being the Sabath to rest our cattle. Capt. Evans' company is camped near us on horse creek. Our camps are enjoying a reasonable portion of health through the mercies of God.

Tuesday morning, July the 30th. We are encamped this morning about 3 miles below a trading post and about 23 miles below fort Laramie. We had considerable hail yesterday but beautiful weather this morning. Capt. Evenses camp is a little in advance of us and Capt. Bennett's company still in our rear. We have tolerable health in our camps this morning.

Wednesday morning, July 31st. We are encamped this morning 10 miles below fort Laramie on a beautiful bottom. The weather continues good. We had a birth in our camps last night. Sister Elizabeth Ann Rabel (wife of Henry Rabel) was delivered of a fine daughter and is doing well this morning. We have many Indians and Indian traders around us.

Thursday morning, August the 1st. We are camped this morning near fort Laramie all safe over the Laramie fork and have only lost up to this time out of our camps 4 persons as we have mentioned and three head of cattle. We have fine weather and good health in our camps for which we feel thankful to the giver and preserved of the same.

Friday morning, the 2nd of August. We are encamped on the south bank of the west fork of the Platt above fort Laramie. We have fine weather with the wind to the north. There is but very little complaint in our camps this morning.

Saturday morning, August the 3rd. We are encamped on Dead Timber Creek. Capt. Roundy's company is camped near us. He entered the Black Hills yesterday. We have fine weather and our camp's in tolrable health through the tender mercies of God.

Sunday morning, August the 4th. We are encamped this morning about one mile above Heber Spring. We had it very sandy, rocky and hilly the most of the way yesterday. We still have fine weather.

Monday morning, August the 5th. We still are encamped at the same place as we lay by yesterday. We had a little rain yesterday but fine weather this morning. We are still blessed with tolrable health.

Tuesday morning, August the 6th. We are encamped this morning on Small Creek where we have good water. We still have good weather and in tolerable condition.

Wednesday morning, August the 7th. We are encamped this morning on the La Boute, where we have plenty of creek water. We have had it very rough and rocky the most of the way through the Black Hills. We have nothing of importance this morning.

Thursday morning, August the 8th. We are still encamped on the bank of the La Boute as we lay by yesterday to rest our teams and fit up our wagons. We have some little complaint of sickness in our camps this morning. We still have good weather.

Friday morning, August the 9th. We are still encamped in the Black Hills supposed to be about 25 miles east of Deer Creek. Our camps seem a little improved in health this morning. Brother Midletons division. . .

Saturday morning, August the 10th. We are encamped on the Fauche Boise River 9 miles East of Deer Creek. Our camp is in tolerable health this morning and we still have fine weather.

Sunday morning, August the 11th. We are encamped this morning on the bank of the north fork of the Platt near where we descended out of the Black Hills. We had considerable hail yesterday. Our camp is in tolrable health except the whooping cough amongst the children. We have fine weather.

Monday morning, August the 12th. We are encamped this morning on the south bank of the Platt 2 miles west of Deer Creek. I have nothing of importance.

Tuesday morning, August the 13th. We are yet at the same place as we lay by yesterday and had a little rain. We still have not much of interest. Br. Wm. Middleton has lost two of his cattle at this place.

Wednesday morning, August the 14th. We are still here at the same place. Brother R. Cobby has lost one of his cattle. Capt. Pace went to visit Capt. Bennett's company who are encamped on Deer Creek. He finds them all well and in traveling condition.

Thursday morning, August the 15th. We are encamped on the south bank of Platt 3 1/2 miles west of crooked Muddy Creek. We have not much of interest more than our camps are still enjoying good health through the tender mercies of God. We have found the road much better than we have anticipated.

Friday morning, August the 16th. We are still encamped at the same place as we lay by yesterday. We have nothing this morning. We have fine weather and good health.

Saturday morning, August the 17th. We are yet here but we expect to leave this morning. Brother Middleton has lost two cattle here and Brother Beck one. Capt. Bennett's company passed us yesterday and are encamped about four miles above. We still have fine weather and our company enjoying good health.

Sunday morning, August the 18th. We are encamped on the bank of the Platt near the upper ford and ferry. Capt. Bennett's company crossed last evening and are encamped on the opposite bank. Our camps are in tolerable health and conditon and ready this morning for crossing. We had a meeting last night to give some instructions and to settle some little controversies between Capt. Pace and Capt. Sessions as there had been some little misunderstanding between them a few days previous. After some reasoning on both sides I thought the matter seemed settled satisfactoral on both sides. We met the express from the valley yesterday about 10 o'clock 5 miles below this place. It is quite cloudy and likely for rain.

Monday morning, August the 19th. We are safe over the Platt and encamped on the river about 2 miles above the ferry where we have but little feed for our cattle and have a severe storm of cold wind and rain ever since last evening and still continues. We have lost in all up to this time 14 head of cattle, Br. James Pace 2, Br. Wm Middleton 7, Br. H. Oliver 1, Br. I. H. Tager 1, Br. R. Cobby 1, Sister Martha Wilcox, Br. John Haws 1.

This is the last entry, but it gives a bit about how they fared on the way across the plains. There is an entry for every day. You will notice that he writes in the morning, probably because it would be late in the evening before he could get at it, then it would be too dark. In his party there would have been himself, his wife, six children ranging in age from eight to nineteen years, and six colored servants ranging in age from fourteen to forty years. That would make 14 people, and they would have had to carry all their furniture, provisions, bedding, clothing, etc. John H. Redd and family had moved before, and they knew there were no stores nor markets out in the West, and if they wanted anything they would have to bring it with them. So they did.

(In regard to this, I remember when we moved to Canada, father had been up there and met a family he had known before, John Adams from Cedar City. Sister Adams told him: "Brother Redd, bring all you've got; don't leave anything. Even bring your swill bucket.")

In the New West

We don't know how long the Redds stayed in Salt Lake City when they arrived in Utah, but I don't imagine it was for long, and I imagine they were tired of camping. By winter they were in Spanish Fork area. They must have been anxious to get settled after that long, long trek.

Elisha Warner's History of Spanish Fork says (page 31): "During the winter of 1850 John Holt, John H. Redd and William Pace and two other men named Patrick and Glenn settled about a mile above the present site of Spanish Fork . . . . Mr. Redd was the owner of a number of Negro slaves which he used in his farming operation."
Milton R. Hunter writes: "In April 1849 thirty-three families arrived at the Provo River and established Fort Utah. (The education of the children was not neglected. Mary Ann Turner, soon after the completion of Fort Utah, daughter of Chauncy Turner, taught school in one of the little log houses in 1849. History of Provo, by J. Marinus Jensen.) In the spring of 1850 they decided to vacate Fort Utah and build a city two miles up the river on higher ground. This settlement was to be called Provo. Provo City was incorporated 6 Feb. 1851." Apparently, Spanish Fork and Provo were settled at the same time -- a pair of twin cities.

In "First Families of Utah," by Burns V. Miller, the census of Utah County taken between September 20 and December 31, 1850, listed:

John H. Redd 51 M Venis 40 F Black
Elizabeth Redd 52 F Chancey 38 F Black
Ann M. Redd 19 F Luke 19 M Yellow
Ann E. Redd 18 F Marinda 18 F Yellow
Mary C. Redd 15 F Anna 14 F Yellow
Lemuel H. Redd 14 M Sam 17 M Yellow
John H. Redd 13 M
Benjamin Redd 8 M

The six individuals in the second column were servants of J. H. Redd. They had been freed but had followed the family to Utah. The six did not ever belong to John Hardison Redd. They had belonged to his wife, Elizabeth. Her father, Zebedee Hancock, had given the two older women to his daughter, and each of them had two children, the younger ones listed. At least two more servants came out later. Those who came, came of their own free will and choice. Aunt Luella said they begged to come so they could take care of Elizabeth, which had been their lifelong job. They had no other concern in life and no place to go, so they wished to stay with her. Because they had never known any other home or family, they were permitted to stay with their "own family," as it were. Elizabeth likely felt the same about them; they were a part of her and of her life. She had never known any life without the help of her servants, and so they were permitted to come and be with her.

I guess it was the right thing to do. All things turned out well with them, and their lives were happier being together. None of them had to learn to adjust to new conditions and environment, at least as far as family surroundings were concerned. Without question, though, they found things in Utah very primitive, much more so than they had experienced even in the frontier of Tennessee.

And I can imagine that in Spanish Fork they camped for months while they found a place and materials to build a house. The house was built of squared logs, which were brought down from the mountain and cut into a square shape with an axe. It certainly was about the same as most log houses, one or two front rooms and a lean-to on the back. It had an attic with a stairway going up from the outside. This stairway was against the house and was narrow and steep, somewhere between a modern stairway and a ladder. I imagine the attic was low. An outside stairway might have been convenient and practical in the South, but in the West where there was snow it would be very upsetting at times.

John H. Redd was very lucky to arrive in the valley with his whole family intact. Many were not so fortunate. They saw graves scattered all along the way, hundreds of them. Even so, he couldn't keep his family for long. I guess they started to build their house and to make a good home as soon as they arrived at Spanish Fork. I have a little account book of John H. Redd's, and early in January of 1851 he listed items he was using in the construction of his sawmill at Spanish Fork.

In the History of Spanish Fork it says they organized a ward there on March 10, 1851, with Stephen Markham as president and John Holt and John H. Redd as his counselors. William Pace was bishop, and John W. Berry and Lorin Roundy were his counselors. They had this type of double organization in many early wards. Some say that is the proper way. The president looks after the spiritual affairs of the members, and the bishop has the care of the temporal matters. In such an arrangement the bishop needs only the Aaronic Priesthood. They soon combined the two functions, and the bishop, holding the higher priesthood, can manage both.

Albert King Thurber, who at one time was in the bishopric there, writes:"In the fall of 1851 I moved to Spanish Fork which was called a desert. There were four families some three miles above: John H. Redd, William Pace, John Holt and Charles Furguson. The first Militia meeting being near J. H. Redd's."

That same spring, 1851, they planted crops and reaped a harvest. All seemed to be going well. Mary Catherine took sick and asked for her brother, Lemuel, the next younger than she. He must have been her special pal. But Lemuel was out in the field plowing, and father thought he'd better finish the day there; she could see him in the evening when he came in. She continued to call and to coax for him, but to no avail. She died before the evening, May 5, 1851, so he didn't get to talk to her or to see her alive. Father and son both felt the heartache. Her death was the first loss in the family, but it would not be the last.
John's sons, Lemuel H., John H., and Benjamin J., were baptized June 3, 1852. Lemuel H. and John H. were ordained priests that same day. When the boys were baptized, so were their father, their mother, their sisters (Ann Mariah and Ann Elizabeth), and their servant (Venus). These latter were baptized for remission of sins. That same day John Hardison Redd was ordained a High Priest. I wonder if the baptism was in preparation for that high ordination.

The next change in the family came on August 22, 1852, when Daughter Ann Mariah Redd married Wilson Daniel Pace. It was the first marriage performed in Spanish Fork. The ceremony was performed by his father, William Pace.

Then, the following year, son John Holt Redd was thrown from a horse and died from the injury on November 25, 1853, a Thursday morning. Mother Elizabeth was heartbroken. It had been only a little over two years since she had lost her youngest daughter, and now one of her sons was gone. She couldn't eat. She went to bed and it is said she turned yellow. She died on Sunday morning, November 28, 1853. They always said she died of a broken heart. No sooner had the family experienced one death, funeral, and burial than they had to suffer through another, this time the wife and mother.

John H. Redd was like thousands of others when bereft of his loved ones. There was nothing to do but to carry on and finish his life, regardless of his sorrow.

When they settled in Spanish Fork, as I said before, it was at a place a little above the present site and was called Palmyra. Of course, they had trouble with the Indians, and all men had to be on hand for defense. John H. Redd was justice of the peace there on November 24, 1854, and he was listed as owning one shotgun or rifle, one pistol, and 50 pounds of gunpowder. I think he was very active in civic and church affairs, doing many things of which we have no record.

From the records of Spanish Fork City, May 7, 1855, we read:

A true list of votes taken at the above-mentioned place with the respective names of voters for mayor, aldermen and councillors for said city.

1 Mathew Caldwell 13 John L. Butler
2 Joseph B. Hawks 14 John H. Redd
3 George W. Sevy 15 John W. Snell
4 H. A. Pace 16 Daniel R. Mott
5 H. B. N. Jolley 17 John McKinley
6 Philo Allen I8 William F. Pace
7 Zebedee Coltrin 19 George McKinley
8 John W. Mott 20 Lemuel H. Redd
9 Wilson D. Pace 21 Joshua Hawks
10 Cyrus Snell 22 John Walton
11 William Pace 23 George D. Snell
12 Orrawell Simons

Votes for Mayor

Mathew Caldwell 17 John McKinley 6

Votes for Aldermen

John H. Redd 23 Cyrus Snell 23
Henry B. N. Jolley 23 Orrawell Simons 23

For Councillors

William Pace 23 Philo Allen 23
John L. Butler 23 Wilson D. Pace 23
Joseph B. Hawks 23 Harvey A. Pace 23
Zebedee Coltrin 23 George W. Sevy 23
John W. Mott 23

We the undersigned clerks and judges do certify that this is a true statement of the votes taken at the above place given under our hand and seal-- John H. Redd, Zebedee Coltrin, William Pace, Orrawell Simons, John L. Butler.

Ann Elizabeth Redd married Harvey Alexander Pace on August 28, 1853, and Lemuel H. Redd married Keziah Jane Butler, the daughter of John Lowe Butler and Caroline Farozine Skeen, on January 2, 1856. That left John Hardison Redd at home with only his youngest child, Benjamin, age fourteen. The family had been in Utah only about five and a half years.

In February of 1856 the Spanish Fork Ward record reports: "John H. Redd was appointed a mission to Las Vegas but did not go, but fitted out his son Lemuel H. who with his wife went in contemplation of having his father follow in the fall."

However, the mission was discontinued and so John Redd did not go to Las Vegas, and Lemuel returned to Spanish Fork. John wrote a letter to his son while Lemuel was in Las Vegas:

Spanish Fork City Utah County and Utah Territory August the 1st 1856

Dear son and daughter--

With pleasure and interest I embrace the opportunity of advising you with a few lines. My reason for not writing sooner I was waiting for you to write that I might know what to communicate. I received your letter of the ninth of June last Sunday night the contents of which has been noticed with no small interest. I am happy to hear that you are both well but truly sorry to learn that you are not satisfied. I do not wish you to remain there any longer than you can help if you are not satisfied. I have done the very best in my power to take care of what you left behind. I have let nothing go except your table and two pigs. I let sister Butler have one and I give one pig and one bushel of wheat for harvesting your faul wheat. The man who took the job had rather a hard bargain. It took him about five days faithful work with a hook to save it amongst the sunflowers. The grasshoppers injured your wheat some but the sunflowers have been most destructive. They have destroyed much of my faul wheat. I have had to hire all the time. We are just through with our faul wheat and oats and will have to commence on our spring wheat about Monday. Our crops are quite light and it is thought that bread stuff will be remarkably scarce, it has been one of the most trying times that this people ever had to pass through and we fear that it will be no better the ensuing year if the people do not begin to save in time. The word salvation are taught from every stand which fully means a saving principle. Without that there is no salvation, remember my dear children and be wise and equanomical as your father has been before you and you may rely my son and daughter with confidence that your father will take the best care in his power for your temporal and eternal welfare--

I wish to hear from you often that I may know how to manage your concerns and keep things in readiness for your return which I hope will be before very long unless you become better satisfied, For I do not wish you to stay there against your will. If you have a wish to return you had better come by the first safe opportunity as I am making arrangements to start in the faul. I should like to have you here to give some instructions in regard to what I leave behind. You can arrange your business there to the best advantage to remain until I get there. Get liberty from the authorities of that place to come and do not come until you know that you are safe in traveling. I should like to know about what time you expect to start that I may know what time to look for you. I expect to leave my houses and land and a part of my stock as the range there are not very good. The tobacco worm in places has been very destructive to potato crops. They have destroyed nearly all of the Pace's potatoes and nearly ruined yours. We wormed them over three or four times. They are not so bad on our black land. We have had a pretty hard trial to make what we have made. Stock, grasshoppers and worms has given us some trouble. I have not much news at this time. There has been very few changes except what are common, we had a frost about the 15th of July which injured our vines very much, we have had it very windy all through the spring and summer but it is very dry and hot at this time. There has been two marriages since you left. John W. Berry is married to Emily Davis and myself to Miss Mary Lewis of Salt Lake City a fine looking girl of about 16 years of age. This leaves us all well at present truly hoping it to find you both in the enjoyment of life, health and prosperity. Miss Charity wishes to be remembered to you both as she had not the opportunity of writing in the letter sent by her people. She is well and doing well and we hope a very fair prospect of her still doing better. We all have a desire to see you, both white and black and our ardent desires are for your temporal and eternal welfare and return. So ever remaining your affectionate Father people and friends.

/s/John H. Redd and family and people
This sounds as if the blacks are living near. In the South they always had separate little houses out at the back for the slaves and later for the black helpers, and I suppose it was still the same in Utah.

John H. Redd married Mary Lewis in the summer of 1856. She was born November 22, 1839, in Alsmorgan, Wales, the daughter of John A. Lewis and Ann John. She was 16, nearly 17, and he was 57, nearly 58. Their baby, Mary Ann Redd, was born August 28, 1857, at five minutes before 11:00 p.m.

I visited Salt Lake City in April 1918, especially to see Uncle Lem and tell him what I had learned in the South. He could tell me nothing more, but he advised me to go to Spanish Fork and talk to Louise Pace, the wife of Franklin Pace. She was a foster sister of Mary Lewis, so I went. I had a long talk with her, and she said that Mary was an "old man's darling." She had no work to do that she didn't want to do. Those Negro mammies did it all -- took care of the baby and "petted" Mary. I guess they vied with each other to gain her favor. I asked Louise if she knew anything about the Redd's claim of being French. (Grandpa used to say that he was of French descent.)

She said: "Oh, yes. He was French. We used to call him 'Old John Redd, the Frenchman.' He was a little, dark, dandy type of man, just like a Frenchman:"'

Leland Redd visited with Jessie Hardison when he was down in North Carolina, and on March 30, 1954, he wrote in a letter: "When Jessie Hardison was asked about what nationality he was, he said that the Hardisons were of the opinion and belief that they were of English and French descent."

John H. Redd's grandfather was John Hardison, and his grandmother was Ann. There were many French people in North Carolina in the early colonial days, and this "Ann" could have been French. We do not know her maiden name or any of her connections.

Whatever his nationality, John H. Redd was a good Latter-day Saint and a good father. And the fifth and sixth days of January 1858 were very important days for John H. Redd and his son, Lemuel Hardison Redd. We can only guess why they did as they did on those days, but the record of their activities is clear. They went to the county clerk's office in Provo. They went with a purpose, and they had probably planned their action carefully and definitely before they left home. On the fifth of January, John Hardison Redd deeded a corner of twenty acres of his own field to his son, Lemuel Hardison Redd. The transaction is recorded in Utah County Deed book E, page 237:

Know all men by these presents that I John H. Redd of Spanish Fork City, Utah County, Utah Territory do for and in consideration of the good will that I have for my son Lemuel H. Redd of the same county and Territory aforesaid do transfer quit claim, convey and relinquish all my right, title, claim and interest unto the said Lemuel H. Redd in a certain piece of farm land in lot No. 5 and block No. 20 bounded as follows, viz. beginning at my N.E. corner thence south to the Spanish Fork Creek thence up said Creek to William Pace's line, thence north with his N.W. corner, thence west to the beginning, containing by estimation 20 acres be the same, more or less, being part of a lot in the Spanish Fork survey to have and to hold the same unto the said Lemuel H. Redd his heirs or assigns. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 5th day of Jany. A.D. 1858.

/s/ John H. Redd

Witnesses:
J. W. Mackee
John Robertson

Territory of Utah I certify that the signer
County of Utah of the above transfer appeared this 5th day of Jany.
A. D. 1858 and acknowledged that he of his own choice executed the foregoing transfer.

/s/ Lucius N. Scovil, Recorder

Following the above transaction, John H. Redd deeded all his properties to the church and entered the order.

Why did John H. Redd deed those twenty acres to his son when Lem wasn't going to keep them? It could have been so that Lemuel would have something to give to the United Order in order to prevent others from thinking that he had come into the order seeking help without making a substantial contribution. It is gratifying to realize the love and unity, which existed between this father and son. Four or five months later, when John H. passed on, this closeness must have been a source of real thankfulness and inspiration to his son, Lemuel.
Of course, the two men must have stayed all night in Provo, because they could not have made the round trip in one day by slow ox team. Where did they stay? They could have stayed in the community "Camp Ground." It was common for all such cities to have a campground, and in later years they even had a house there with a fireplace in it, also for the use of campers. And as we know, the Redds were used to camping.

The record of the transfer of property to the church is found in Utah County Deeds book H, pages 132-133:

Be it known by these presents that I John Hardison Redd of Spanish Fork City in the county of Utah and Territory of Utah for and in consideration of the good will I have to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints give and convey unto Brigham Young Trustee in Trust his Successors in Office and assigns all my claim to and ownership of the following described property, to wit --

Lot eight (8)in Block Three
(3) containing 72/160 of an acre in the Spanish
Fork Survey of building lots in the aforesaid
County and Territory, value $180.00
Also the E part of lot 5 in block 20 except
20 acres owned by L. H. Redd on the east side
of said lot bounded on the W by Philo
Allen containing 80 acres in the Spanish Fork
Survey of farm land. $800.00
Four cows $30.00 each & three oxen at
$40.00 each $240.00
3 steers at $30.00 each & two heifers at $25.00
each $140.00
Three calves at $7.00 & two colts at $75.00 $171.00
1 watch $10.00, Farming tool $40.00,
1 gun & pistole $30.00 $80.00
Two wagons at $50.00, thirty bus. potatoes
$22.50 $72.50
Three swine $15.00, ten bus. corn $12.50 $27.50
Three hundred and fifty bushels wheat $525.00 $525.00
Household furniture, beds, bedding & stove $114.00

Total amount of John H. Redd's property $2350.00

Together with all the rights privileges and appertinances thereunto belonging or appertainces thereunto belonging I also covenant and agree that I am the lawful Claimant and Owner of said Property or and will warrant and forever defend unto the said Trustee in Trust for said Church his Successors in office and assigns against the claims of my heirs and assigns or any person whosoever.

/s/ John H. Redd

Witness: J. W. Makee

Philip Sykes Zebedee Coltrin
Territory of Utah, County of Utah

I Lucius N. Scovil, recorder of the aforesaid County do certify that the signer of the above transfer personally known to me appeared this fifth day of Jany. A.D. 1858 and acknowledged that he of his own choice executed the foregoing transfer.

/s/ Lucius N. Scovil

John H. Redd entered the United Order between five and six months before he died. He did not have time to raise a crop under the Order, but he was converted to the idea and accepted it with full purpose of heart, just as he had accepted all the rest of the gospel.

John H. Redd was kicked by a horse, an accident which eventually caused his death. They sent to Salt Lake City for a doctor to care for John; the doctor was a Frenchman. When the doctor arrived he had a big scar on the side of his face, which pulled his mouth over to one side. It fascinated Louise, who was then about twelve years old. She said she stood in the doorway while the doctor was looking at John H., who was on the bed. The doctor's back was turned toward Louise, and she attempted to pull her own mouth to one side like the doctor's mouth. The doctor turned and caught her at it. She never forgot how embarrassed she was about it.

John Hardison Redd died in May 1858, at Spanish Fork, and he was buried in the upper graveyard with the other members of his family. It was sometimes called the Redd graveyard, but now it is designated as the "Pioneer Graveyard."
SOME OF HIS WRITINGS

As I said before, John Hardison Redd was a good writer as far as penmanship was concerned. He was also a good writer as far as expressing himself. Following are some of the axioms he wrote down during his lifetime, together with a little of the poetry he wrote.

If I am right thy grace impart
still in the right to stay,
If I am wrong, Oh, teach my heart
to find the better way.

The bliss of man (could pride that blissing find)
Is not to act or think beyond mankind.

All of God's commands are divinely pure.

Blest are their joys above, who do their time improve.

Contentment makes men happy without a fortune.

Drinking is the drowning of cares but not the cure of them.

Every plant and flower shows to us God's power.

Fate will still have a fine chance for the brave.

Good humor have never failing grace.

Idleness always brings disgrace.

Honor and fame procure praise.

Joyfully receive the kind admonition of a friend.

Knowledge enlarges our pleasures.

Love and veneration will bear no discard.

Misfortune is a touchstone of friendship.

Never lament and weep for the loss of what you cannot keep.

Open your heart to the petitions of the distressed.

Pure desire yields pleasant fruits.

Question not the sincerity of a friend.

Remember the benevolent acts of your neighbor.

Selfish disposition oft create displeasure.

Tempt not your friend with evil communications.

Usurp not authority where it does not belong.

Virtuous love produces peace and happiness.

Work hard to excel in learning.

Yield quietly to what comes unavoidably.

Zeal in right principle are very recommendable.

Avoid whatever is unbecoming.

Beware of inordinate passion.

Cherish every good propensity.

Death subdues every individual.

Encourage preserving industry.

Force is repugnant to true liberty.

Grandure cannot purchase peace.

Join every good solicitation.

Innocence secures real enjoyments.

Honor and fame procure praise.

Music charms the savage breast.

Learning improves human nature.

Overcome obstacles by perseverence.

Nothing so enchanting as beauty.

Quit vicious and disorderly company.

Reputation is obtained by merit.

Shame accompanies mean actions.

Pride indicates great want of sense.

Wisdom is always admirable.

Vanity excites ridicule and contempt.

Youth is incautious of difficulties.

Zeal animates our inmost thoughts.

A contented mind is an estimable treasure.

Boast not of the favor you bestow.

All our comforts proceed from the Father of Goodness.

We may live happy though our possessions are small.

Let us consider the proper means to effect our purpose.

We should be daily employed in doing good.

Pease of mind being secured, we may smile at misfortune.

Hope, the balm of life, soothes our sorrows under all circumstances.

No human happiness is so great as not to contain some imperfections.

While we are unoccupied with that which is good, evil is present.

Reasons whole pleasure all the joy of sense
Lie in three words, health, peace and competence.

Come bright improvement on the care of time.

Deceit discovers a little mind.

Deliberate well before you promise.

Deliberate slowly but execute promptly.

Enlarge your mind to receive wisdom.

Fanciful pleasures are the fruits of corruption.

To be good is to be wise and happy.

We were not made for ourselves only.

Modesty is one of the chief ornaments of youth.

No confidence can be placed in those who are in the habit of lying.

Neglect no opportunity of doing good.

Idleness is the parent of vice and misery.

Cleanliness promotes health of body and delicacy of mind.

The real wants of nature are soon supplied.

Merit the approbation of the wise and good.

BRITAINIA

How pleasant is the time when peace attend the mind
But how distressing is the scene when treacherous heart we find.
Remember will true love may be a bliss or trouble made
In sweet consolation it is a bliss but bitter when betrayed --
Was I in exile sent away to Britainia's distant shore
Where boisterous waves and stormy seas should beat forevermore
With tender (care) my breaking heart should be your bosom rest
While this poor life should linger out in trouble and distress.

SONG BALLAD WRITTEN FOR MARY CATHERINE
REDD -- August 26, 1846

While nature was sinking in stillness to rest,
The last beams of daylight shone dim in the west,
O'er fields by the moonlight, with wandering feet
Sought in quietudes hour a place of retreat.
While passing a garden I heard then drew near
A voice plain and plaintive arrested my ear
The voice of a sufferer affected my heart,
In agony pleading the poor sinner's part.

In offering to heaven his pitying prayer,
He spoke of the torments the sinner must bear.
His life for a ransom He offered to give,
That sinners redeemed in glory might live.
So deep were His sorrows, so fervent his prayers,
That down on His bosom rolled sweat, blood and tears.
I wept to behold him, I asked Him his name.
He answered, 'Tis Jesus, from Heaven I came.

I am thy Redeemer for Thee I must die.
This cup is most bitter, but cannot pass by.
Thy sins like a mountain are laid upon Me,
And all this deep anguish I suffer for thee.'
I heard with deep anguish the tale of His woe,
While tears like a fountain did flow.
The cause of His sorrow, to hear Him repeat,
Affected my heart, and I fell at His feet.

I trembled with horror and loudly did cry,
'Lord save a poor sinner, O save or I die.'
He smiled when He saw me and said to me,
'Live, Thy sins which are many, I freely forgive.
' How sweet was that moment; He bade me rejoice.
His smile, O how sweet, how charming His voice.
I flew from the garden, I spread it abroad,
I shouted salvation and Glory to God.

I'm now on my journey to mansions above;
My soul's full of glory, of light, peace and love.
I think of the garden, the prayer and the tears,
Of that loving Savior who banished my fears.
The day of bright glory is rolling around,
When Gabriel descending, the trumpet shall sound
My soul, then, in raptures of glory shall rise,
To gaze on my Savior with unclouded eyes.

² Change Date: 25 Feb 2002 at 14:04:42

Ancestry Hints for John Hardison REDD

4 possible matches found on Ancestry.com

Father: Whitaker REDD b: ABT 1765 in , Nansemond, Virginia
Mother: Elizabeth HARDISON

Marriage 1 Elizabeth HANCOCK b: 25 Jan 1798 in Snead's Ferry, Stump Sound, Onslow, North Carolina

Married: 2 Mar 1826

Children

Harriet REDD b: ABT 1826 in Snead's Ferry, North Carolina
Edward Ward REDD b: 31 Jan 1828 in Snead's Ferry, North Carolina
Ann Mariah REDD b: 26 Jul 1830 in Snead's Ferry, Onslow, North Carolina
Ann Elizabeth REDD b: 16 Dec 1831 in Sneed's Ferry, Onslow, North Carolina
Mary Catherine REDD b: 4 Jan 1834 in Snead's Ferry, North Carolina
Lemuel Hardison REDD b: 31 Jul 1836 in Snead's Ferry, Onslow County, North Carolina
John Holt REDD b: 13 Jun 1838 in Snead's Ferry, Onslow, North Carolina
Benjamin Jones REDD b: 20 Jun 1842 in ,Rutherford, Tennessee

Thanks to Lura Redd for writing this article.

Friends Who Came To the Darce M. Prince Funeral and Those Who Sent Flowers

2011-04-24T20:27:00.003-06:00

Click on any picture to enlarge

I Remember........Notes from the Darce M. Prince Viewings and Funera.

2011-04-22T22:36:00.001-06:00

Click on any picture to Enlarge

New Harmony Reservior and Irrigation Company Certificates

2011-04-20T09:51:00.000-06:00

Water rights deeded to my dad from Marion Prince and Lyle B. Prince

Water rights of Darce M Prince signed by his father James L. Prince and Frank Kelsey

Water Rights to my Grandfather James L Prince Signed by my Great Grandfather L. A. Pace and Great Great Grandfather
Francis Prince

Thanks!

2011-04-13T07:48:00.002-06:00

After Dad's passing I have had hours to think and I have reasoned that the only thing that we really possess that conquers death is the love we feel for family and friends. It matters not what we acquire in worldly wealth for soon whatever your kingdom possesses will be passed to someone else. So in love and thankfulness I offer the following words;

Thanks to my sisters, brother, cousins and friends who have helped with Dad the last two years. It seems like we have learned to love and appreciate each other in ways that only this situation that we were put in with Dad could teach us. The many days we have spent working together as a strong team have helped all of us grow to become better souls.

Thanks to Carol for coming and supporting our family for Dad's service. Annette you were great to put in countless hours at the Beehive house assisting and helping Dad through many lonely hours. Claudine you were always great to care and show love for our Dad. Vernile, you are one of my heroes for how kind and caring you were toward my father. Randy, thanks for being a great husband to Carol. Ed, you have always been a great support to my Dad. John thanks for the special words you uttered to Dad, right before his passing and the kindness and love you showed me. Elma Lynne, thanks for your support and wisdom you shown my family through the years

Thanks to numerous nieces and nephews who had some many kind words and deeds they shared with me..

A very special thanks to one of my best friends Elna Rae Snow Page. She adopted me twenty six years ago when I first moved to St. George and has been one of my best friends. Thanks for caring!

I would like to thank the Beehive Home in St. George for the great care their staff gave me Dad. When you have a family member at the Beehive home you become part of the Beehive Family. Thanks to Brenda, Claudia, Ember, Vicky, Janette, Cory and Karen and all who assisted Dad in his hours of need.

Thanks to Dr. Rignnell for taking care of Dad the last couple of years.

A special "Thank You" to Bob Groke who was my father's hospice nurse. Bob was great to work with and was professional and courteous to me and my family. Bob is liked and admired for all.

Brett Brown was always there to offer his spiritual guidance to me. Thanks for all the blessings you gave my dad and your caring about his welfare and me.

Emily and Monica, thanks for all of your days that you have spent with Dad the last two years, helping him and me get ready for this transition. Your time and thoughts are deeply appreciated. Thanks to Dave Taylor, Emily and Monica for taking pictures at Dad's service so we could remember this day.

Thanks to those who helped Dad out in his New Harmony years. Donna thanks for many years as a caring wife, Rolaine, Talonnie, Lisa and neighbors who helped out for years. Thanks to all who had patience with my Dad during the Polaris years of his life for keeping a close eye one him.

Thanks to many of Dad's cougar hunting buds that have called or participated as being honorary pallbearers at his service. Ken Parker, Karen LeCount, Ellen and Rob Robinson, Shad and Charlie Leeder, Mike and Wilma Worthen,I have appreciated your kinds words during this difficult time.

Kay, Kendall, Kaycie and Jake Benson, your floral tribute and rounding up my old cowboy picture was priceless. I treasure the hunting memories we have made in the New Harmony hills with you guys. Thanks for calling my Dad "Papa Darce."

Also a special thanks To April and Jayson Hill, and Corby and Jan Fausett, Jace and Elaine Heger for your friendship through the years! Your kind words and presence at the service was wonderful.

Thanks to Linda and Scott Pace, and to John Spevak for cleaning Dad's saddle and getting it ready to be placed on the top of Dad's casket.

Zion Sun Floral in Cedar City did an amazing job with the floral artistry! Thanks so much.

It was great to look out over the audience on the day of Dad's funeral and see so many of the staff of Sunset Elementary and the overwhelming support of my friends.

I have deeply appreciated those of you who took time out of your busy schedule to come and see my Dad. I have heard Aunt Emma Nielson say, "It is better to send someone a single rose while they are alive than to pile roses on their casket when they are dead." Ken Parker brought some hound pups down one afternoon and let Dad play with the pups. Thanks Ken for making Dad feel apart of the hunting again, if only for a few minutes. Aunt Bea, Berdean, Aunt Romayne and Aunt Marion, your visits to dad sure helped fill many lonely hours. Moments like this are priceless. I guess all of us need to realize many people in assisted living situations need to be visited, not ignored.

Thanks to Southern Utah Mortuary who went the extra mile to make us feel comfortable and peaceful. You truly did a great job in working and communicating with us. You services far exceeded my expectations. Being able to dress my father was a wonderful experience I will never forget.

Thanks to Dellas Imlay, Scott Pace, Jason Morrill and Stewart Walraven for helping with the opening and closing of my fathers grave.

Thanks to the New Harmony LDS Ward for offering us a great lunch after the funeral.

The floral tributes and plants sent were deeply appreciated.

I have had many friends that have called to say that they felt the funeral service was filled with love and caring for dad and each other. I too felt the same way that we all experienced a bit of what heaven must be like. I only heard positive comments from all family members and we braced each other up during a very hard transitional time.

Kenyon, I thought your family prayer was perfect. I loved your tribute to our family in prayer and words. Thanks Avey for the great Postlude Music you played as our family entered the chapel. Ember thanks for giving a fantastic opening prayer and for taking care of Grandpa all these months. Ashlynn, you have a beautiful voice and I loved your tribute. Thanks Claudine for giving Dad's Eulogy. It was filled with love and beauty. Shon and Brandon thanks for your great voices as you sung " Go Rest High On That Mountain." Annette your piano medley of our parents favorite songs was inspirational and beautiful. Thanks Ronette, for helping your mom with her music at the piano. Vernile you gave a great talk that was full of wisdom and fun memories. Darin, Clay, Joel and Jillyn your song was perfect and you made Grandpa proud. Gene Beck your words were one of the best talks I have ever heard at a funeral and appreciate your spiritual guidance. Elma Lynn you gave a beautiful closing prayer. John your job dedicating the grave was fantastic, thanks again for all the help you have been.

We had many friends and family travel many miles to be part of Dad's funeral. Thank you for taking the time to show respect to my father and family. Your attendance was very much appreciated.

I remember walking through a cemetery one day and on one headstone the inscription "Love Remains" was inscribed. I feel that simple phrase sums up what life is all about. When it is all said and done, it doesn't matter how many zeroes were in your bank account or whether your life found you gathering treasures of earthly wealth. The bottom line is everything you have will someday be someone else's possessions and the only thing we truly own are the love and hate we create here. I strive to be a better person after this experience, to love more, forgive more, look for the positive in others and keep that feeling of heaven in my heart. Life is like being on a conveyor belt at the grocery store. Each day we edge close to the final checkout. Lets not waste the time we have left here being negative, let those who know us remember us with love and good memories.

Lorna, Thanks for giving me Claudine, Annette and Vernile. They are great sisters and a super brother.
Mom, Thanks for sharing Carol with me. Thanks for pulling together three families and raising us all to be good adults.

Last but not least, thanks Dad, for caring about me and loving me to the end. You have taught me many lessons that I will use from this point forward to be a better man. I hope you Go Rest High On That Mountain. You are now free of that worn out body and can now go home to that green New Harmony Valley that you loved so.

Happy Trails,

Brent

Guest Book Entries For Darce M. Prince

2011-04-12T10:49:00.000-06:00

Guest Book Entries for Darce M. Prince

Scott and Linda Pace

May you always find a trail to ride. May you always get the cougars hide. May you always walk the mountains high. May your soul be blessed in Heaven's sky.
We know you'll be watching from from our Heavenly Father's side. Keeping your family safe and letting them know in one way or another that they are loved. You will be deeply missed by all.
Rest in peace, Uncle Darce

Eileen Seegmiller Lofthouse

So many awesome memories of Uncle Darce & New Harmony. He was always so glad to see me whenever we met no matter how many years had passed. He was such a kind man.
What a wonderful reunion took place in heaven on Thursday. I'm certain he was greeted with open arms of so many including our Savior;"Well done, my good & faithful servant".
I love you, Uncle Darce. Be at peace.

Larry Skidmore

My thoughts and prayers are with you. May you be comforted during this time and always. Peace be with you. With Love, Larry

Cory Mangum(from Beehive Homes)

I want to take this time and let the family know i loved darce as my grandfather who passed away when i was a little girl. There hasn't been a day go by and he hasn't been in my thoughts. I loved caring for him and hearing his hunting storie's. My prayer's are with the prince family.

Karen Subashe

It was such a pleasure to have gotten to know Darce this last year and a half of his life. he truely was a kindred spirit, who always had on a smile. he was such a joker who always made us laugh. rest in peace dear cowboy and ride off into the sunset with your sweetheart :-)

Roland & Marilyn Teed

We were very glad to have met your dad. It was much later in his life, but we could still still the spark in his eyes, especially when he was driving the old truck with the old dog in the back looking at his cattle.
We're so sorry for your loss, but confident you had a great run with a great dad.
Roland & Marilyn

Kimball Forbes and Dr. Lance Greer of Audiology and Hearing Care of Southern Utah

Dear Family of Darce,
We are so sorry to hear about the passing of your loved one.
We enjoyed working with him.
Our prayers are with you.

Brent Pace Prince

Thanks to all of you who have helped us in anyway during the passing of our father. We appreciate your kind comments

My Talk At My Dad Darce M. Prince's Funeral

2011-04-11T12:03:00.001-06:00

I have had a few requests for this talk, so feel free to print it out if you so choose.

Things Dad Loved,
Camilla, Lorna and Donna
family
Cougar Hunting Buds, Jim Worthen, Ken Parker, Charlie Leeder, Shad Leeder Robert Goodwin, Karen Lecount, Verl Kelsey, Ellen and Robby Robinson, Kendall and Kay Benson
Hunting mountain lion with his dogs Goldie, Tramp and Sport, a hot cougar track The hounds barking treed.
Cedar Livestock Auction to sell cattle or visit with cowboy buds
The Opening Morning Of The Deer Hunt.
A big mule deer buck
Little Mountain Cookouts
Big Hayfield and Lawson Water, Cutting, raking, baling and hauling hay.
Cows, calves spring branding, the roundup in the fall,
A good rifle and pistol
Dixie Roundup Rodeo In September
a horseback ride in the hills of Harmony,
reading the Man Eaters of kumaon,
Chevy trucks,
Being able to fix trucks and hay bailers when no one else could
a good horse or mule
The Animal Channel
Lawrence Welk On Saturday Night
The Fall Time Of the year
The Sizzler Restaurant In Cedar

Poem The Dusty Saddle

I'm saddled up and you are too, lets get ready for this abundant word ride,
Enjoy the trails I take you down as we ponder these words from saddle side.

Dust now rides Dad's saddle, for now its rider quietly rests,
The saddles work is done, many miles it's traveled, I believe its passed the test

It rests among some old brown chaps, rusty horse bits and web covered tack,
Today it realizes that its owner has rode on and won't be moseying back

Stories that this saddle claim are very unique to me,
The horses it straddled, the miles it registered on the hillsides of Pine Valley

The saddle remembers sunrises with Lorna and deer hunts with my mom, Sam,
The saddlebags have packed pork and beans, black licorice and even some raspberry jam

It makes me stop and wonder, if this old saddle could express to all,
what if felt like herding cattle from South Valley in the fall?

The gray misty foggy fall mornings as it saw frost on yellow aspen leaves as they swayed,
Makes me wish with every muscle fiber that they old times had just stayed.

This saddle has rounded up and doctored cattle with the A T Quarter Circle Brand,
It was there the day old Sandpile rolled over on Brent on some very bumpy land.

The saddle was there on spring cattle drives gathering cows off of the Flat,
Its seen its share of blue branding smoke, as it carried dads brown Stetson hat.

Dehorning, and vaccinating cattle, yes its witnessed those moments with pride,
The smell of white de-licing medicine with cow blood dripping from its side.

Uncle Biff, rode alongside his brother Darce, hundred of miles gathering cattle,
Biff watched the pain on his brothers face as Dad's broken leg hugged fenders of this saddle.

This saddle gestures of cougar hunting days with Worthen, Parker, Leeder, Robinson's and Lecount
Its seen many a deer, elk and coiled rattlesake as its rider tried to mount.

If there was a contest for saddles, witnessing hound dogs bark wildly treed,
This Newton Brother Saddle would make world headlines, that we'd all read.

The saddle has not only packed Darce, Its packed many a critter to town,
Strapped to its tree, hung big mule deer bucks, cougars were packed, with trailing hound.

It watched as Darce's Legacy plodded behind on Patrick, Patches or the Old Bay Mare,
It listened to stories of Crack foot, Pinevalley Mountain's Smart Witty Grizzly Bear

Have you ever stopped to carve your name in the bark of a white aspen tree?
You leave your brand, your thoughts and initials for all to stop and see.

Yes this saddle was there the day Darce carved on expression he wanted to say.
Like Keeping the Sabbath Day Holy and he carved it one August 1941 Sunday.

In Redd Canyon herding the sheep he left the words, "Home on The Range Isn't The Place For Me.
Black Letters now visible in white aspen bark are memories now left for me.

I recall the last time Dad straddled this saddle as he struggled to ride the Red Mule to the Flat,
I helped Dad with spurs and hoisted him up, He wasn't too thrilled about that.

Trail Rides and hunts aren't the same now, As these words fall from blue ink of pen,
As I see it Dad we have just traded placed, I advanced to what you were back then.

So hats off to you Dad the cowboy, who rode the Pine Valley Range for sixty eight years
Not being able to keep up with that record, is one of my lifetime cowboy fears.

So dad, the memories you have made have been lessons, I've filed them away one by one.
It's hard to say goodbye dad, as your new trail enjoys heavenly sun.

So here's a toast to good saddles, tough cowboys, and dads that men out of boys.
The dust in the old chicken coop is falling and now rests on your old cowboy toys......

Happy Trails, Dad.....Until We meet again....
I love you.....
Brent

Darce M. Prince Funeral Program Set 3

2011-04-07T18:32:00.030-06:00

Darce M. Prince Funeral Funeral Set 2

2011-04-07T17:39:00.001-06:00

Pictures of Darce M. Prince Funeral Set 1

2011-04-07T17:00:00.001-06:00

Dad's Funeral Program

2011-04-07T12:46:00.000-06:00

Happy Trails Dad, Until We Meet Again.....

2011-04-02T12:03:00.000-06:00

Darce M Prince passed away Thursday, March 31, 2011, due to natural causes. He was born on December 22, 1924 in Cedar City, Utah to James Lorenzo Prince and Rhoda Ann Batty of New Harmony. He attended schools in New Harmony and Cedar City.
In his early years he learned to work alongside his father in the sheep business and later operating equipment for his older brother Reed. Darce was employed at Jones Equipment Company in Cedar City for many years. He was later employed as a heavy equipment mechanic at the Iron Mines west of Cedar City and then at the mines in Tonopah, Nevada.
He retired to his farm in New Harmony in 1988 and spent the next 20 years enjoying his family, watering his fields, looking after his cows, and chasing deer and mountain lions on his mule 'Red' in the hills he loved. Darce was a member of the LDS Church.
He will be remembered above all as a hard worker who could fix anything. He loved his family and provided well for them. He had many good friends and hunting buddies, and loved his hounds Tramp, Goldie and Sport.
Darce was preceded in death by his parents, wives Lorna Belle Anderson and Camilla Pace; brothers Reed, Lyle, Paul and Vivian; sisters Vada Grant, Fern Hall, Sylva Hall and granddaughter Chelsea Janes. He is survived by his wife Donna Faye Sampson of Delta, Utah; children: Claudine (John) Spevak, Cedar City, Utah; Annette (Ed) Actkinson; Downey California, Carol (Randy) Addy of Grantsville, Utah, Darce Vernile (Elma Lynne) Prince, New Harmony, Utah, and Brent Pace Prince, St. George, Utah; 15 grandchildren, 40 great grandchildren, 4 great-great grandchildren and a sister, Bea Gubler of New Castle, Utah.
Funeral services will be held in the New Harmony Ward Church at 11:00 am on Monday, April 4, 2011. A viewing will be held at Southern Utah Mortuary in Cedar City on Sunday, April 3, 2011 from 6:00-8:00 pm. On Monday the viewing will be in the New Harmony Ward Church from 9:30-10:30 am prior to services. Interment will be in the New Harmony Cemetery under the direction of Southern Utah Mortuary.

History Of The George Washington Sevy Family---Early New Harmony Explorers

2011-02-01T09:24:00.000-07:00

Please click on the link below....

http://web.mac.com/richardo.lee1/PhotoGeneology/Family_History_files/GeneologyOfTheDescendentsOfGeorgeWashingtonSevey.pdf

Conclusion Of The Kolobs

2011-01-27T08:44:00.000-07:00

Notes On The History Of The Kolob Canyons…Conclusion

Thursday, December 9th, 2010

Issue 50.10

Part 12

One of the myths that some visitors to the Kolob may have is that it is not changing. Two important events in recent years indicate that the Kolob Canyons are still very active geologically. In July 1983, a major rock fall from the north facing cliffs of Timber Top Mountain showed dramatically how the canyon was formed. Freezing water in the cracks of the sandstone combined with the sun’s heating of the cliff surface over many years weakened a section of the rock several hundred feet wide and nearly 1000 feet high and sent it crashing to the canyon floor as rubble. [Kolob Road Guide, Stop 9] Even today, the scar on the face cliff is readily apparent to the visitor to the Kolob from the observation sight at the end of the Kolob road. As with many rock falls, it went unnoticed for some time.

The second and more dangerous event occurred on Wednesday 17 March 1993 around 9:30 am. A ten-foot wall of water and mud came crashing down Taylor Creek and spread across I-15 damaging several passing trucks and cars. Four people were hospitalized in the freak flood. Although it was a clear, dry, beautiful day, spring rains and runoff had backed up behind a natural sand dam formed several years before in a branch of Taylor Creek. Water pressure from spring rains finally broke the dam and thus the water and sand rushed down Taylor Creek to the unfortunate few who were crossing the path of the stream on the freeway at the same time. [Spectrum 18 March 1993; Deseret News 19 March 1993] Geologists would tell you that they have evidence that such events had occurred before and that will occur again.

The study of geology teaches us that nature’s processes created the Kolob Canyons, and someday the incredible scenes in this part of Zion National Park will disappear. Fortunately for us, the grandeur of the Kolob will be around for the rest of our lives and many generations of our descendants. The exciting human history at Kolob canyons for the past two centuries only adds to our enjoyment of this incredible region. We hope you have enjoyed reading about this unique place and that you will take the time to go and enjoy our wonderful Kolob Canyons.

We thank Stephen Heath for his interesting and enlightening series. Editor.

Posted in Steven Heath | No Comments »

Early Cattle Brands Of Southern Utah

2011-01-25T17:56:00.000-07:00

James Knell Three E

Anson P. Winsor

James Holt

Wilson D. Pace. Lemuel A and Ashby Pace

My Great Great Grandfather, Great Grandfather and Grandfather

Abran Burgess--Bruce Burton

Charles F. Foster

Arthur Huntsman

John Moody

Gardner and Snow

Slim Warning

Dan Hirschi

Adolph Hafen

Wm. W. Spendlove and Sons

David Hirschi

Charles Walters and L Swanners

Herman, Edmond,Gubler, Shelby Frei

Jack Findley

Robert Reeve Andrew, Harold Ronald

Ed Lamb

Charles W. Seegmiller Jr.

Hafen and Frei Cattle Co.

Amos Hunt

Union Co-Op Stock Company

Joseph T. Atkin Sr.

Spilsbury Land and Livestock--David Spilsbury

John Franklin Laub

Bill Pulsipher

Archibal Sullivan and Sons

William Atkin

Casper Gubler

Daniel Adam Seegmiller

Orson, Emery and Lamont Huntsman

Amos Hunt

Henry Corns

H J Burgess

Johnny Hafen

Matt and Robert Gray

John H. Harrison

David Terry

Ed Lamb